Highly Stable Polymerizable Vesicles in Anionic Surfactant/Ammonium Salt Mixtures in the Presence of Cross-linking Monomers for Convenient Preparation of Hollow Nanospheres

Abstract

Spontaneous and stable vesicles are formed from vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride (VBTAC) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) ranging in molar composition from 3:7 to 7:3 in the presence of 30 mol % divinylbenzene (DVB). Dynamic light scattering analysis and transmission electron microscope observations revealed that microparticles with diameters around 120 nm (30%) and 580 nm (70%) were formed. Trapping efficiency of the vesicles examined with D-(+)-glucose amounted to ca. 15%. These vesicles were capable of undergoing polymerization in the presence of water-soluble radical initiators such as 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride to fix the vesicular structure. Retention of the vesicle size and bimodal size distribution characteristics during the polymerization indicated that intravesicular polymerization prevailed over the intervesicular process. SDS was stably retained in the cross-linked vesicle and was not removed from the vesicle by exhaustive dialysis or ultrafiltration, due to the electrostatic interaction within the cross-linked polymeric framework produced from VBTAC and DVB. The resulting hollow nanospheres are readily redispersed in water without the aid of additional surfactants.

Photophysical Characterization of 1,8 Naphthalimide in Micelle‐diblock Copolymer Nano‐composite: A Case of Morphological Transformation and Vesicle Formation

“…The TEM images obtained for the formed spherical structures of SDS corroborate well with the structures obtained by Oyaizu et al. (25). Thus the TEM images suggest that the above spherical structures of SDS are unilamellar vesicles (ULV).…”

“…6). Some spherical structures of the BCM complex are also to be formed inferred as multilamellar vesicle (MLV) structures (25) (Fig. 6, inset) of diameter ∼310 nm, with a thick dark outer wall of thickness ∼42 nm.…”

Hollow polyphosphazene microspheres with cross-linked chemical structure: synthesis, formation mechanism and applications

“…27,[32][33][34] Although crosslinked shell structure can be obtained through these methods, but the tedious procedures and unpredicted results are unavoidable. In recent researches, preparing HPSs with cross-linked shell structure oen need the addition of the divinyl monomer such as divinylbenzene during the polymerization process or use photolysis or radical initiated polymerization of materials with vinyl groups.…”

“…In recent researches, preparing HPSs with cross-linked shell structure oen need the addition of the divinyl monomer such as divinylbenzene during the polymerization process or use photolysis or radical initiated polymerization of materials with vinyl groups. 27,[32][33][34] Although crosslinked shell structure can be obtained through these methods, but the tedious procedures and unpredicted results are unavoidable. Therefore, it is highly desirable to nd a simply way to prepare fully cross-linked and stable HPSs.…”

Salt Effect on Polymerizable Vesicles of Allyl Dodecyl Dimethylammonium Bromide and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfonate in Aqueous Solution

“…In polymerization of unilamellar vesicles, vesicles formed spontaneously by the mixing of single-chained cationic and anionic surfactants incorporating hydrophobic monomers were reported. [20][21][22] In these approaches, hydrophobic monomers swell the vesicle bilayers and are subsequently polymerized. Detailed studies suggest that in most cases polymerization yield solid latex polymer particles attached to the original vesicle structure rather than the desired hollow polymer vesicles.…”