Highly Stable and End‐group Tuneable Metal–Organic Framework/Polymer Composite for Superior Triboelectric Nanogenerator Application

Abstract

generations. This has necessitated the enhanced use of renewable forms of energy. While solar energy and wind energy are perhaps the most explored forms of renewables, other forms such as mechanical energy have received relatively less attention. In fact, the energy from diverse mechanical motions such as body motion, wind, and water tidal energy has been mostly squandered and ignored in the past. Fortunately, the scientific community has begun to take notice of the availability of such other energy sources available to us as a partial solution to the growing energy-related problems. [1,2] Indeed, in the recent decade, mechanical energy conversion technologies have witnessed substantial progress, especially in the area of distributed micro/nano-power sources, portable high-voltage sources, wearable electronics, and high-precision sensors. At the heart of this progress are the devices known as triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) which basically exploit the concept of charge separation accomplished by relative motion between two dissimilar materials in proximity, the well-known phenomenon of friction being an expression of the process. [3] The dissimilarity of materials emanates from Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are receiving significant attention lately as efficient mechanical energy harvesting devices. They are finding multiple uses in numerous low-power applications. Current TENG designs, although innovative, fall short on practical demands like performance tunability, modulatory, and stability. This invites further research in the use of new materials for TENGs. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer a unique feature of molecular tunability to optimize energy conversion which has been exploited in this study. Prototypal hybridization strategy is deployed on underexplored isoreticular subfamily UiO-66(Zr) MOFs through UiO-66-X/PVDF (X = H or Br) composites for TENG output tuning and amplification. UiO-66-X/PVDF exhibits good aquatic and thermal stability accompanying substantial boost in TENG power. Functionalized H 2 BDC linker improved surface roughness and potential. UiO-66-Br encased in PVDF matrix boosted charge and TENG performance by enhancing electrification. Computational details support observations. Device captures waste energy in a vertical contact-separation mode and functions consistently amidst diverse environmental settings. Functionalized TENG-2 delivers a V p-p of 110.41 V, which is 2.92 times and 14.12 times higher than unfunctionalized TENG-1 and PVDF film, respectively. Findings reveal maiden example of ligand-mediated functional group-driven performance tuning of TENG and mechanistic insight using isoreticular MOFs/PVDF composites.

A Novel Mechano-Synthesized Zeolitic Tetrazolate Framework for a High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerator and Self-Powered Selective Neurochemical Detection

“…Even our device outperforms some of the polymer-composite-based porous polymers used in TENG such as ZIF-67-PMMA (593 mW/m 2 ), 8 CS-TENG (80.4 mW/m 2 ), 60 and functionalized TENG-2 (93.2 mW/m 2 ). 10 Astonishingly, this ZTF-TENG is comparable to highly postsynthetically modified hydrogelbased TENG device ZPcHLH-TENG 17 (3400 mW/m 2 ).…”

Nanotrap Grafted Anionic MOF for Superior Uranium Extraction from Seawater

“…Anionic MOFs (iMOF-A), a subclass of ionic MOFs, have been considered a class of multifunctional materials given their plethoric propositions in the fields of selective capture, gas storage, drug delivery, catalysis, photonic applications, nanogenerators, and many more. [17][18][19][20] The habitation of charged species within the frameworks results in specified interactions that can be efficiently utilized as ion-exchange sorbents for the sequestration of cationic guests. The leaching probability of the trapped cationic guests is also avoided as the entrapped cation is an integral part of the framework as a charge−balancing ion.…”

Cationic metal–organic framework with charge separation effect as a high output triboelectric nanogenerator material for self-powered anticorrosion

“…26–28 In addition, owing to the rich metal interactions and precise structural features of the metal nodes, we can study the relationship between the structures of MOF cathode materials and their frictional power-generation performance. 29–33…”

“…[26][27][28] In addition, owing to the rich metal interactions and precise structural features of the metal nodes, we can study the relationship between the structures of MOF cathode materials and their frictional power-generation performance. [29][30][31][32][33] Exploiting the charge-induced effect of a pyridinium ligand, the present authors synthesised a water-stable cationic MOF structure (ZUT-iMOF-1(Cu)) and developed it into an effective frictional power-generation material. The target material demonstrates high frictional power-generation activity and a high short-circuit current (73.79 μA at 5 Hz), exceeding those of most reported materials.…”