Highly sensitive voltammetric determination of NADH based on N-CQDs decorated SnO₂/ionic liquid/carbon paste electrode

Abstract

A highly sensitive and selective modified electrode was successfully developed for the monitoring of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in the presence of folic acid. In this regard, a carbon paste electrode (CPE) was functionalized by the nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots/tin oxide (N-CQDs/SnO2) nanocomposite and 1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl imidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4DMIM][PF6]) ionic liquid (IL). The structure and surface morphology of the nanocomposite were characterized by various methods, including field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The modified electrode displayed powerful and long-lasting electron mediating activity, with well-separated NADH and folic acid oxidation peaks. The sensing response of the developed [C4DMIM][PF6]/N-CQDs/SnO2/CPE platform was evaluated by determining NADH via the voltammetric technique under the optimized operating conditions. The current peaks of the square wave voltammograms of NADH and folic acid increased linearly with enhancing its concentrations within the ranges of 0.003 - 275 µM NADH and 0.4 - 380 µM folic acid. The detection limits for NADH and folic acid were obtained at 0.8 nM and 0.1 µM, respectively. Interference species such as glucose, urea, tryptophan, glycine, methionine, and vitamin B12 had no influence on the ability of the fabricated modified electrode to detect the target species. The low detection limit, high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, superior stability, and cost-effectiveness made it suitable for the quantification of NADH in the real biological samples with the recovery percent values in the range of 97.5 - 103%.

Electrochemical sensing of NADH using 4-nitrobenzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate salt functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes

“…Using the slope values, the D value of the NADH was estimated and the mean value was found as 3.8 × 10 −6 cm 2 s −1 . The obtained value is comparable to the reported values for NADH: 7.4 × 10 −6 cm 2 s −1 , 48 1.55 × 10 −6 cm 2 s −1 , 20 3.8 × 10 −6 cm 2 s −1 49 and 7.5 × 10 −6 cm 2 s −1 . 50 The obtained slope values are found to be linear with respect to the concentration of NADH as shown in the inset (B) in Fig.…”

Non-Destructive Monitoring via Electrochemical NADH Detection in Murine Cells

“…Taken together, these data strongly suggest that cell viability decreased with an increasing PHMG-p concentration and exposure time, and that our EC assay has the potential to not only replace the conventional cell viability assay, but also to aid in cytotoxicity studies of a variety of toxic materials as continuous cell viability monitoring is also possible. Table 1 presents the many types of sensors to measure NADH used in the past 5 years [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ]. Our electrocatalytic sensor has the advantages of comprising one simple step, consuming a low volume of sample (50 μL), and having a low LOD.…”

Application of NAD+-Dependent Electrochemical Dehydrogenase Biosensors in Human Physiological Fluids: Opportunities and Challenges

“…In recent years, enzymatic electrochemical biosensors have gained popularity owing to the high biocatalytic activity and specifcity of enzymes, along with the fnancial accessibility to purifed enzymes [8]. β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + /NADH) is an important coenzyme couple involved in diverse enzymatic reactions during which electrons and protons are transferred [9]. Amperometric techniques and cofactor regeneration approaches bring new opportunities for the fabrication of biosensors and the development of new electrochemical devices.…”