Highly Sensitive Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Ephedrine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Preparations

Abstract

A sensitive and specific spectrofluorimetry method was developed and validated for the quantification of ephedrine (EP) in pharmaceutical preparations. The method is based on the fluorescent enhancing reaction of EP with 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-CI; derivatization reagent), in borate buffer of pH 9 to yield a yellow, fluorescent product. Under these experimental conditions, the derivatized product of EP had excitation and emission wavelength maxima at 458 and 516 nm, respectively. The linear range of this method was 202500 ng/mL. The detection limit was 7.3 ng/mL EP. Intra- and interday precisions of the assay at 3 concentrations within this range were 0.0371.77%. The low relative standard deviation values indicate good precision, and high recovery values indicate excellent accuracy of the method. The proposed method was applied to the determination of the examined drugs in pharmaceutical formulations, and the results indicate that the method is equally as accurate, precise, and reproducible as the official method.

Studying the association complex formation of atomoxetine and fluvoxamine with eosin Y and its application in their fluorimetric determination

“…This indicates the suitability of the proposed method for the determination of the studied drugs in their dosage forms in quality control laboratories. Advantages of the proposed method over the previously published spectrofluorimetric methods [11][12][13] include the use of a widely available and cheaper reagent (eosin Y) compared with fluorescamine, which was reported for the determination of FXM [11]. Additionally, the current method is very rapid and the reaction between the studied drugs and eosin was instantaneous at room temperature.…”

“…Water is readily available, cheap and the best green solvent. Therefore, the proposed method is advantageous over many of the reported methods which use organic solvents such as chloroform [13] and acetonitrile [12].…”

“…Literature survey reveals that there are several methods for the determination of the investigated drugs. These methods include spectrophotometry [5][6][7][8][9][10], spectrofluorimetry [11][12][13], liquid chromatography (HPLC) [14][15][16][17], gas chromatography (GC) [18,19], and electrochemical [20,21] and capillary electrophoretic methods [22,23].…”

“…On the other hand, spectrofluorimetric methods are more selective, highly sensitive and require a simple apparatus and apply very simple sample preparation. However, the reported spectrofluorimetric methods for the cited drugs were carried out using expensive reagents [11] or hazardous organic solvents at elevated temperatures for long time [12,13].…”

Validated spectrophotometric methods for determination of Alendronate sodium in tablets through nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions

“…NBD-Cl, as an electroactive halide reagent, was first introduced as an analytical reagent for the determination of some amines and amino acids. In recent reports, NBD-Cl was further used as a chromogenic reagent for the determination of some primary and secondary amines [ 29 - 34 ]. DNFB has been applied as a chromophore reactant in the spectrophotometric determination of some compounds.…”