Highly Sensitive Ratiometric Chemosensor and Biomarker for Cyanide Ions in the Aqueous Medium

Abstract

A newly designed cyanide-selective chemosensor based on chromone containing benzothiazole groups [3-(2,3-dihydro-benzothiazol-2-yl)-chromen-4-one (DBTC)] was synthesized and structurally characterized by physico-chemical, spectroscopic, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. The compound DBTC can detect cyanide anions based on nucleophilic addition as low as 5.76 nM in dimethyl sulfoxide–N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N′-ethanesulfonic acid buffer (20 mM, pH 7.4) (v/v = 1:3). The binding mode between receptor DBTC and cyanide nucleophile has also been demonstrated by experimental studies using various spectroscopic tools and theoretical studies, and the experimental work has also been verified by characterizing one supporting compound of similar probable structure of the final product formed between DBTC and cyanide ion (DBTC–CN compound) by single-crystal X-ray analysis for detailed structural analyses. In theoretical study, density functional theory procedures have been used to calculate the molecular structure and the calculation of the Fukui function for evaluation of the electrophilic properties of each individual acceptor atom. Furthermore, the efficacy of the probe (DBTC) to detect the distribution of CN– ions in living cells has been checked by acquiring the fluorescence image using a confocal microscope. Notably, the paper strips with DBTC were prepared, and these could serve as efficient and suitable CN– test kits successfully.

Synthesis of heterocyclic analogs of isoflavone and homoisoflavone based on 3-formylchromone

“…77 Condensation of compound 1a with 2-aminothiophenol afforded 3-(benzothiazol-2-yl)chromone 66 (Scheme 23). 78 Structure of product 66 was confi rmed by X-ray analysis. Compound 66 was suggested as chemosensor for cyanide ions, it selectively reacted with the cyanide ions to give disulfi de 67.…”

Amino‐Acid‐Derived Emerging Sensor for Detection of S2− Ion and MeOH Percentage in MeOH‐H2O Mixture

“…The binding affinity of S 2À to C1 was also confirmed using the Benesi-Hildebrand plot for the quantitative determination of association constants from emission data and a binding constant of 7.2 × 10 4 M À 1 has been obtained (Figure S32). [61,62] Job's plot had the intersecting point at a mole fraction value of 0.5 proving's 1 : 1 interaction between cobalt (II) and sulfide ion ( Figure S33).…”

Tetraphenylethylene-Substituted Bis(thienyl)imidazole (DTITPE), An Efficient Molecular Sensor for the Detection and Quantification of Fluoride Ions

“…The detection and recognition of anionic analytes has developed into an extremely active research field in recent years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Anions play a crucial role in a range of biological and chemical processes, and their detection, even at extremely low concentrations, has been the motivation for continuous improvement in sensor development over the last few decades [15,16].…”