Highly Sensitive Coupled Oscillator Based on an Exceptional Point of Degeneracy and Nonlinearity

Nikzamir, Alireza; Capolino, Filippo

doi:10.1103/physrevapplied.18.054059

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…4b, confirming that the perturbations lead to the cuberoot of singularity, though the PT-symmetric LC configurations of the linear loss and saturable gain has the second-order of EP degeneracy. This is different from the previous results in which it was the square-root of singularity 23 . We define here the sensitivity of the sensor as 𝜕Δ𝜆/𝜕𝛿.…”

Section: (A) (B) (C)contrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, this approach is not appropriate for the wireless LC sensor in which the perturbation is usually exerted on the loss resonator 2 . Meanwhile, asymmetric perturbation for the nonlinear PT-symmetric LC configurations is presented 23 , which shows the same squareroot singularity as the linear PT-symmetric LC counterpart. The nonlinear PT-symmetric LC system with the gain saturation mechanism can automatically achieve a steadystate oscillation, eliminating the imaginary part of the eigenfrequencies and suppressing the noise [21][22][23][24] .…”

Section: Exceptional Precision Of Lc Passive Wireless Sensors Using N...mentioning

confidence: 87%

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Exceptional precision of LC passive wireless sensors using nonlinear PT-symmetric configurations

Huang,

Chen,

Dong

2024

Preprint

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An inductor–capacitor (LC) passive wireless sensor is essential to physical, chemical, and biological sensing for scenarios where physical access is difficult. For emerging applications such as implantable, wearable, or other devices with geometrical constraints, the resulting small inductor coils weaken the strength of interrogation signals. It is therefore highly desired to enhance the sensitivity. Exceptional points (EPs) of parity-time (PT) symmetric LC systems featuring the linear loss and gain have been recently utilized for enhancing sensing. However, the EP sensing scheme might bring about fundamental resolution limits and noise enhancement. Here, we show, using PT-symmetric LC configurations of the linear loss and saturable gain, that the responsivity has a cube-root singularity distinct from a square-root singularity of the linear EP-scheme. The saturable gain allows the system to automatically achieve a steady-state oscillation, which eliminates the imaginary part of the eigenfrequencies and significantly suppresses the noise. As a result, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is dramatically enhanced. Through an example of LC wireless flexible temperature sensors, we demonstrate the high SNR for the nonlinear PT-symmetric configuration. Our results resolve a debate on the effectiveness of the EP sensing scheme for LC sensors and pave the way for these types of sensor with exceptional precision.

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Section: (A) (B) (C)contrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Exceptional Precision Of Lc Passive Wireless Sensors Using N...mentioning

confidence: 87%

Exceptional precision of LC passive wireless sensors using nonlinear PT-symmetric configurations

Huang,

Chen,

Dong

2024

Preprint

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“…Moreover, Refs. [42][43][44][45][46][47] also show that the higherorder exceptional points have advantages in sensors, and it is significant to seek higher-order exceptional points in various systems. Coincidentally, we also have shown that the emergence of the singular phenomenon is accompanied by the multifold exceptional point.…”

Section: The Anomalous Absence Of Skin Modes For the Nontrivial Point...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous non-Hermitian skin effect: the topological inequivalence of skin modes versus point gap

Guo¹,

Bao²,

Zhu³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Non-Hermitian skin effect, the localization of an extensive number of open boundary eigenstates at the boundaries of the system, has greatly expanded the frontier of physical laws. It has long been believed that the present of skin modes is equivalent to the topologically nontrivial point gap. However, we find that this concomitance can be broken, i.e., the skin modes can be present or absent whereas the point gap is topologically trivial or nontrivial, respectively, named anomalous non-Hermitian skin effect. This anomalous phenomenon arises whenever the unidirectional hopping amplitudes among subsystems are emergence, in which sub-chains have the decoupling-like behaviors and only contribute to the energy levels while without particle occupation. The occurrence of the anomalous non-Hermitian skin effect is accompanied by the mutations of the open boundary eigenvalues, whose structure exhibits the multifold exceptional point and can not be recovered by continuum bands. Moreover, an experimental setup using circuits is proposed to simulate this novel effect. Our results reveal the topologically inequivalent between skin modes and point gap. This new effect not only can give a deeper understanding of non-Bloch theory and the critical phenomenon in non-Hermitian systems, but may also inspire new applications such as in the sensors field.

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“…The challenges related to these methods, including sensitivity to interference, limitations in sensitivity, and the need for specialized knowledge, also have driven for alternative methods, like electrochemistry. 18–20…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable agriculture with LEAFS: a low-cost electrochemical analyzer of foliage stress

Khazaee Nejad,

Ma,

Al-Shami

et al. 2024

Sens. Diagn.

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Highly Sensitive Coupled Oscillator Based on an Exceptional Point of Degeneracy and Nonlinearity

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Exceptional precision of LC passive wireless sensors using nonlinear PT-symmetric configurations

Exceptional precision of LC passive wireless sensors using nonlinear PT-symmetric configurations

Anomalous non-Hermitian skin effect: the topological inequivalence of skin modes versus point gap

Sustainable agriculture with LEAFS: a low-cost electrochemical analyzer of foliage stress

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