Highly Sensitive Carbon Based Sensors Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Immobilized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Simultaneous Determination of Desvenlafaxine Succinate and Clonazepam

Abstract

Carbon paste electrode modified with zinc oxide nano particles immobilized on multi-walled carbon nano tubes (MWCNTs/ZnO-NPs/CPE) was exploited for the simultaneous determination of Desvenlafaxine succinate (DVS) and Clonazepam (CLZ) in drug substance and combined drug products as well as in spiked human urine. The electrochemical response characteristics of the modified electrode toward DVS and CLZ were investigated by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry (CV and DPV). The cyclic voltammograms showed well defined, irreversible cathodic peaks (reduction) at potential around −407 and −636 mV in Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer (pH 9.0) for DVS and CLZ, respectively. Different experimental factors affecting the method sensitivity have been investigated and optimized including pH of supporting electrolyte, electrode modifiers, different surfactant and scan rate. A good linear relationship was obtained between the peak current and the concentration within the range of 0.66-8.42 μg/mL and 0.39-7.70 μg/mL for DVS and CLZ, respectively using DPV method. The proposed method was successfully applied for the estimation of DVS and CLZ in its combined dosage form and in spiked human urine. The results obtained were validated according to ICH guideline and were found to be in agreement with those obtained by the reference HPLC methods.

A Copolymer Based Voltammetric Sensor for the Simultaneous Determination of Neuroendocrine Tumour Biomarkers

“…The electroactive surface area of the electrodes were calculated using Randles-Sevcik equation for for a reversible process given as: 31,32 I 2.69 10 An D C…”

Recent Advances in the Electrochemical Sensing of Venlafaxine: An Antidepressant Drug and Environmental Contaminant

“…In another study, Rizk et al applied the CPE modified with zinc oxide NPs immobilized on the MWCNTs (MWCNTs/ZnONPs/CPE) to simultaneously determine clonazepam (CLZ) and desvenlafaxine succinate (DVS) in the drug materials, the combined drug products, and in spiked human urine [ 31 ]. Moreover, DPV and CV were used to investigate electrochemical response features of the modified electrode toward DVS and CLZ.…”

“…Consequently, a satisfactory linear association was observed between the peak current and concentration in ranges of 0.66 to 8.42 μg/mL and 0.39 to 7.70 μg/mL for DVS and CLZ with DPV. Finally, this procedure was substantially utilized to estimate CLZ and DVS in the spiked human urine [ 31 ]. Many characteristics of the CPE in VEN electrochemical detection are summarized in Table 1 .…”

Review—Point-of-Care Urinalysis with Emerging Sensing and Imaging Technologies

“…drugs. 72 MWCNTs are also being developed for the simultaneous detection targets with overlapping electrochemical oxidation peaks. 73 Functionalized carbon black and Nickel Sulfide have been used to detect Glucose in a non-enzymatic sensor.…”