Highly Selective Catalytic Conversion of Phenolic Bio‐Oil to Alkanes

Abstract

Oil and water: A new energy-efficient and atom-economical catalytic route for the production of alkanes and methanol by upgrading the phenolic fraction of bio-oil has been developed. The one-pot aqueous-phase hydrodeoxygenation process is based on two catalysts facilitating consecutive hydrogenation, hydrolysis, and dehydration reactions.

Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation of Lignin-Derived Phenol into Alkanes by Using Platinum Supported on Graphite

“…8 A gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer combination (GC-MS, Thermo Scientific AS 3000 Series) was used to identify the organic compounds.…”

“…7 Phenol was selected as the model compound to explore the principal of hydrodeoxygenation routes. 8,9 In the multi-step procedure, phenol is first hydrogenated to cyclohexanol, which in turn is dehydrated to cyclohexene in the existence of acid at high temperature, and then hydrogenated to cyclohexane (Fig. 1).…”

“…However, this approach requires high reaction temperatures and pressurized hydrogen. [8][9][10][11] Furthermore, the addition of an acid catalyst is necessary and the recovery of the acid from the reaction mixture is difficult.…”

Influence of crystal size of HZSM-5 on hydrodeoxygenation of eugenol in aqueous phase

“…Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) has been considered to be the most effective method for bio-oil upgrading [5]. For the selective hydrogenation or oxidation of some bio-derived compounds, water is reported as a good reaction medium under moderate conditions [6][7][8], and a series of catalysts which combined of Pd/C and HZSM-5 have been developed for aqueous-phase hydrodeoxygenation of phenolic oil, such as Pd/C and liquid acid, base metal Raney Ni and solid acid [5,9,10].…”

“…For the selective hydrogenation or oxidation of some bio-derived compounds, water is reported as a good reaction medium under moderate conditions [6][7][8], and a series of catalysts which combined of Pd/C and HZSM-5 have been developed for aqueous-phase hydrodeoxygenation of phenolic oil, such as Pd/C and liquid acid, base metal Raney Ni and solid acid [5,9,10]. Besides, Pd/HZSM-5 and Ni/HZSM-5 catalysts are also prepared for one-pot aqueous-phase upgrading of the organic components in crude bio-oil [3,11].…”