Highly Selective and Sensitive Membrane Sensors for Copper(II) Ion Based on a New Benzo‐Substituted Macrocyclic Diamide 6,7,8,9,10‐Hexahydro‐2H‐1,13,4,7,10‐benzodioxatriazacyclopentadecine‐3,11(4H,12H)‐dione

Abstract

Novel PVC membrane (PME) and coated graphite (CGE) Cu 2þ -selective electrodes based on 5,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-2H-1,13,4,7,10-benzodioxatriazacyclopentadecine-3,11(4H,12H)-dione are prepared. The electrodes reveal a Nernstian behavior over wide Cu 2þ ion concentration ranges (1.0 Â 10 À7 -1.0 Â 10 À1 M for PME and 1.0 Â 10 À8 -1.0 Â 10 À1 M for CGE) with very low limits of detection (7.8 Â 10À8 M for PME and 9.1 Â 10 À9 M for CGE). The potentiometric responses are independent of the pH of the test solutions in the pH range 2.7 -6.2. The proposed electrodes possess very good selectivities for Cu 2þ over a wide variety of the cations including alkali, alkaline earth, transitions and heavy metal ions. The practical utility of the proposed electrodes have been demonstrated by their use in the study of interactions between copper ions and human growth hormone (hGH) in biological systems, potentiometric titration of copper with EDTA and determination of copper content of a sheep blood serum sample and some other real samples.

Kinetic Study of Charge Transfer Complexes of Iodine With Some Crown Ethers in Nonaqueous Solvents

“…3 show the absorbance-time curves DB24C8.I 2 and B18C6.I 2 complexes in chloroform , dichloromethane and 1,2-dichloroethane solution. The above experimental observations seem to be in accord with the following mechanism, which has been proposed before [9][10][11][12][13]. The proposed mechanism for formation of the charge transfer complex as presented at the following:…”

“…The stability of these complexes appears to be related to the macrocycles , cavity sizes; It is at maximum when the cavity diameter matches the ionic size [8]. During the past two decades, a growing interest has been focused on the complexing ability of these macrocyclic ligands as electron-pair molecules towards neutral and, especially, molecular iodine [9][10][11][12][13]. Iodine has been found to form with many compounds charge transfer complexes whose properties have been thoroughly studied [14][15][16][17][18].…”

Copper Nanoparticles on Charcoal for Multicomponent Catalytic Synthesis of 1,2,3‐Triazole Derivatives from Benzyl Halides or Alkyl Halides, Terminal Alkynes and Sodium Azide in Water as a “Green” Solvent

“…[20] Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic forced microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and FT-IR experimental techniques were used to characterize the CuI/Cu nanostructures. According to the conditions of the reaction, the following equations are proposed for CuI in ethanol: [27] Because of the low solubility of CuI in ethanol (K sp in water = 5.1 E 12), most of the copper iodide crystals tend to deposit on to the activated carbon. The CuI crystals are graphically observed using SEM (Figure 1).…”

“…1-Benzyl-4-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole (1) 123.4, 125.6, 126.3, 127.2, 128.4, 129.3, 131.0, 132.4, 134.4, 134.7, 135.0, 135.5, 135.6, 137.6, 147.0, 158.7, 181.8 A mixture of azacrown ether [27] (5 mmol), propargyl bromide (10 mmol), and K 2 CO 3 (12 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 24 h and then poured into ice/water (500 mL). The mixture was filtered under vacuue and the residue was air-dried to constant weight to give 11 in 95% yield; mp 110 8C; IR ( (12) 1,8-Bis(2-propynyloxy)anthra-9,10-quinone (13) A mixture of 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone (5 mmol), propargyl bromide (20 mmol), and K 2 CO 3 (24 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 24 h and then poured into ice/water (500 mL).…”

An efficient and selective flourescent optode membrane based on 7-[(5-chloro-8-hydroxy-7-quinolinyl)methyl]-5,6,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-2H-1,13,4,7,10-benzodioxatriazacyclopentadecine-3,11(4H,12H)-dione as a novel fluoroionophore for determination of cobalt(II) ions

“…Thus, in this work, six different polymer films with about the same plasticizer/PVC ratios of 2.2-2.3 but with varying nature and amount of other ingredients were tested to find an optimum composition ( Table 2). It is noteworthy that the best membrane characteristics is reported to usually obtain at a plasticizer/PVC ratio of 1.6-2.2 [12,14,15,20,[29][30][31][32]34,40].…”