Abstract:Based on the ability of lysine (Lys) to enhance the fluorescence intensity of bovine serum albumin modified-carbon dots (CDs-BSA) to decrease surface defects and quench fluorescence of the CDs-BSA-Lys system in the presence of Cu(2+) under conditions of phosphate buffer (PBS, pH = 5.0) at 45 °C for 10 min, a sensitive Lys enhancing CDs-BSA fluorescent probe was designed. The environment-friendly, simple, rapid, selective and sensitive fluorescent probe has been utilized to detect Cu(2+) in hair and tap water s… Show more
“…7a, line 2 and 3), which means the quenched fluorescence of B-CDs due to Fe 3+ cannot be recovered by phosphate. Based on the fact that the fluorescence intensity of solution can be recovered by metal ion chelateor for static quenching responsible system [33,34], we speculate that the quenching type in the current work is dynamic quenching. In order to confirm our suggestion, another strong metal ion chelator (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, EDTA) was added to the Fe 3+ -quenched B-CDs solution.…”
We report on the hydrothermal synthesis of borondoped carbon dots (B-CDs) starting from glucose and boric acid. Doping of the CDs with boron was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The B-CDs have an average diameter of about 4 nm and display blue fluorescence which is dynamically quenched by Fe(III) ions. This finding was exploited to design a method for the determination of Fe(III) in water. The relative fluorescence intensity at 359 nm in the presence and of absence ions is inversely proportional to the concentration of Fe(III) ions, and a Stern-Volmer calibration plot is linear in the concentration range of 0-16 μM, with a 242 nM detection limit. The assay is sensitive, robust and selective.
“…7a, line 2 and 3), which means the quenched fluorescence of B-CDs due to Fe 3+ cannot be recovered by phosphate. Based on the fact that the fluorescence intensity of solution can be recovered by metal ion chelateor for static quenching responsible system [33,34], we speculate that the quenching type in the current work is dynamic quenching. In order to confirm our suggestion, another strong metal ion chelator (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, EDTA) was added to the Fe 3+ -quenched B-CDs solution.…”
We report on the hydrothermal synthesis of borondoped carbon dots (B-CDs) starting from glucose and boric acid. Doping of the CDs with boron was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The B-CDs have an average diameter of about 4 nm and display blue fluorescence which is dynamically quenched by Fe(III) ions. This finding was exploited to design a method for the determination of Fe(III) in water. The relative fluorescence intensity at 359 nm in the presence and of absence ions is inversely proportional to the concentration of Fe(III) ions, and a Stern-Volmer calibration plot is linear in the concentration range of 0-16 μM, with a 242 nM detection limit. The assay is sensitive, robust and selective.
“…13 Photoluminescent GQDs and C-dots are touted for their properties, such as small sizes, intrinsic and stable photoluminescence, biocompatibility, and ease of surface derivitization 11 while showing promise for applications such as chromatographic stationary phases, 14 drug-delivery vehicles, 15 photothermal therapies, 16 photocatalysis, 17 bioimaging, 4 and chemical sensing. 18 Graphene oxide nanosheets are also cited for use in similar applications, including intracellular drug delivery and cellular imaging; 19 in addition, graphene oxide can be chemically converted to graphene, 20 which has a host of exciting applications and fascinating properties that have been at the center of research and innovation in recent years. 21 The synthetic process to produce C-dots from bulk carbon starting materials involves the simultaneous etching (i.e., breaking of C-C bonds) and oxidation of the bulk carbon starting material under acidic conditions; this produces species with hydrophilic moieties at the surfaces, making them water soluble.…”
We synthesized sub-10 nm carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) consistent with photoluminescent carbon dots (C-dots) from carbon fiber starting material. The production of different C-dots fractions was monitored over seven days. During the course of the reaction, one fraction of C-dots species with relatively high photoluminescence was short-lived, emerging during the first hour of reaction but disappearing after one day of reaction. Isolation of this species during the first hour of the reaction was crucial to obtaining higherluminescent C-dots species. When the reaction proceeded for one week, the appearance of larger nanostructures was observed over time, with lateral dimensions approaching 200 nm. The experimental evidence suggests that these larger species are formed from small C-dot nanoparticles bridged together by sulfur-based moieties between the C-dot edge groups, as if the C-dots polymerized by cross-linking the edge groups through sulfur bridges. Their size can be tailored by controlling the reaction time. Our results highlight the variety of CNP products, from sub-10 nm C-dots to $200 nm sulfur-containing carbon nanostructures, that can be produced over time during the oxidation reaction of the graphenic starting material. Our work provides a clear understanding of when to stop the oxidation reaction during the top-down production of Cdots to obtain highly photoluminescent species or a target average particle size.
“…More complicated detection systems can be designed. A complex of carbon dot with lysine and bovine serum albumin was used for selective determination of Cu 2+ ions (Liu et al 2012b ). In another work these ions were determined by fl uorescence quenching of C-dots decorated with polyamine polymer (Dong et al 2012a ).…”
Section: Applications In Fluorescence Reporting and Imagingmentioning
This chapter provides comparative analysis of properties of different nanoscale materials to absorb and emit visual and near-IR light with the focus on their applications in sensing and imaging technologies. Nowadays we observe that in these applications the novel nanoscale fl uorescent materials appear in strong competition with traditional organic dyes. They demonstrate diverse photophysical behavior and allow obtaining diverse information when they are incorporated into sensor composites or form the images in biological systems. Among these nanoscale emitters are the structures formed of organic dyes or by these dyes incorporated into different types of polymers with the resulting dramatically increased brightness. Collective excitonic effects appear when the aromatic units are coupled in conjugated polymers. Nanoscale structures formed of inorganic carbon in the form of nanodiamonds, graphene and graphene oxide pieces and the so-called carbon dots joined quite recently the family of fl uorophores. Semiconductor quantum dots present a range of bright emitters covering whole visible and near-IR spectral range. Finally, the up-converting nanocrystals make possible visible emission with near-IR excitation. Here we overview the most important features of these nanoscale materials. The following Chap. 6 will be focused on functional nanocomposites that allow extending the useful properties of these basic components.
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