Although aqueous zinc-ion batteries have attracted much
attention
due to their high safety, low cost, and relatively high energy density,
their practical applications are severely limited by the uncontrollable
dendrite growth and side reactions at the zinc anode. Herein, we design
an electronic–ionic conductor artificial layer with Zn-ion
selective channels on the Zn surface to regulate the Zn plating/stripping
behavior through a one-step ion diffusion-directed assembly strategy
using the commercially available conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene
sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). Significantly, the functional PEDOT:PSS–Zn2+ (PPZ) layer with abundant selective Zn-ion channels works
as both an electron regulator and an ion regulator that could not
only simultaneously uniformize the electrical and Zn2+ concentration
field on the Zn surface and accelerate the Zn2+ transport
kinetics but also block the access of SO4
2– and H2O. With such a synergy effect, the PEDOT:PSS–Zn2+-modified Zn anode (2PPZ@Zn) achieves a long lifespan of
2400 h of the symmetrical cell at a current density of 3 mA cm–2 (1 mA h cm–2). Additionally, a
long-term lifespan of 500 h is harvested even at a high current of
5 mA cm–2 with a high capacity of 3 mA h cm–2. Furthermore, combined with a manganese dioxide cathode,
a full cell similarly provides a cycling stability of over 1500 cycles
with 75% capacity retention at a high rate of 10 C (1 C = 308 mA h
g–1).