Highly pseudocapacitive Nb-doped TiO₂ high power anodes for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

Nb-doped and pure TiO2 (anatase) nanoparticles were synthesized via a continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis reactor and investigated as electrode material for lithium-ion batteries.

Nb‐Doped Rutile TiO2 Mesocrystals with Enhanced Lithium Storage Properties for Lithium Ion Battery

“…More importantly, the diffraction peaks of the Nb‐doped samples at 2 θ ≈27.4° slightly shifted to a lower 2 θ value (enlarged insets in Figure a and b). This can be ascribed to the lattice expansion, resulting from the substitution by the larger Nb 5+ ions (radius=0.64 Å) for the smaller Ti 4+ ions (0.61 Å) in the rutile structure . Furthermore, the intensities of the peaks increased with reaction time (inset in Figure a), indicating that the crystallinity of rutile TiO 2 increased.…”

“…Atom doping, such as with Nb 5+ ions, provides another effective strategy to enhance the electronic conductivity and lithium‐ion diffusion. It was reported that the Nb‐doping in TiO 2 can improve the capacity, resulting from the contribution of the surface storage . For example, a Nb‐doped rutile TiO 2 (Ti 0.94 Nb 0.06 O 2 ) electrode material reported by Usui et al.…”

Enhanced Interfacial Kinetics of Carbon Monolith Boosting Ultrafast Na‐Storage

“…Obviously, TCM exhibits better pseudocapacitive behaviors than CM and TNP. Moreover, in order to further investigate the difference of pseudocapacitive behavior among TCM, CM, and TNP in detail, the b ‐values of TNP, CM, and TCM electrodes are determined and compared at various battery potentials in Figure j . It is evident that the contribution of pseudocapacitive storage in TCM is greater than that of TNP and CM across the entire potential range.…”

“…According to previous reports, the extreme large surface area to volume ratio enabled ultrasmall nanoparticles enhance their pseudocapacitive behavior that promotes reversible electrochemical reaction on or near particle surface. [36b,38] Therefore, by introducing ultrasmall tin nanoparticles in 3D interconnected porous carbonaceous structure, pseudocapacitive contribution can be greatly enhanced, generating the high‐rate capability and outstanding cycle stability of TCM.…”

Dispersion and microwave processing of nano-sized ITO powder for the fabrication of transparent conductive oxides

“…Therefore this work used nanopowders of ITO (with 10 at% Sn) that were directly synthesised as nanoparticles dispersed in a liquid media, using a continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis (CHFS) method, as discussed in previous work [4,18,19]. The effect of the addition of different dispersants on the level of agglomeration of the nanopowders along with a comparative study of conventional and microwave heating techniques on the characteristics of the films was investigated.…”