Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus in Poultry, Nigeria, 2015

Monne, Isabella; Meseko, Clement; Joannis, Tony M.; Shittu, Ismaila; Ahmed, M. A Almoneem; Tassoni, Luca; Fusaro, Alice; Cattoli, Giovanni

doi:10.3201/eid2107.150421

Cited by 60 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The HA phylogeny revealed that all of the novel sequences belonged to Clade 2.3.2.1c ( Figure 1) and were closely related to sequences isolated from Sanmenxia, China, where HPAI H5N1 viruses caused the deaths of approximately one hundred migratory birds (mostly whooper swans) between late 2014 and early 2015 (Bi et al, 2015a). Notably, the Chinese strains also clustered together with those from Russia, West Asia, Europe and Africa that were isolated during May 2015, winter of 2014 (Naguib et al, 2015), and spring of 2015 (Monne et al, 2015), respectively (Figure 1). For the remaining seven genes, sequences from the strains mentioned above were clustered together and formed an independent sub-Clade (Figure 2 and Supplementary Figures S1-S6), indicating that they belonged to the same genotype.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 88%

“…For the remaining seven genes, sequences from the strains mentioned above were clustered together and formed an independent sub-Clade (Figure 2 and Supplementary Figures S1-S6), indicating that they belonged to the same genotype. This genotype consisted of a Clade 2.3.2.1c HA (Figure 1) and a PB2 gene derived from H9N2 (Figure 2), with the remaining genes originating from other HPAI H5N1 viruses (Bi et al, 2015a;Monne et al, 2015). It should be noted that the prototype virus of this genotype (A/Alberta/01/2014) was first identified from a Canadian patient who traveled to Beijing, China in December 2013 (Pabbaraju et al, 2014).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 Clade 2.3.2.1c virus in migratory birds, 2014–2015

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2016

Virol. Sin.

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Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 Clade 2.3.2.1c virus in migratory birds, 2014–2015

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2016

Virol. Sin.

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“…There have been recent peaks of H5N1 outbreaks in African countries (Monne et al, 2015). Contrary to global patterns, there have been continued human fatalities from the H5N1 viruses in Egypt (World Health Organization, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic evidence for avian influenza H5N1 viral transmission along the Black Sea–Mediterranean Flyway

Zhou

Tian

et al. 2016

Journal of General Virology

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The current epidemic of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus is considered to pose a significant threat to the health of wild and domestic avian species, and even to human beings. The Black Sea-Mediterranean Flyway is one of the most important epidemic areas of H5N1. However, the epidemic along this flyway has not been fully explored. To better understand the role of hosts in the spread and evolution of H5N1 virus along the flyway, a phylogeographic study was conducted using haemagglutinin (HA) gene sequences obtained during [2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013]. To infer phylodynamic spread in time and space, we used a flexible Bayesian statistical framework and modelled viral spatial diffusion as a continuous-time Markov-chain process along timemeasured genealogies. Our results revealed that H5N1 virus isolated from wild birds showed an increase in genetic variation of HA gene from [2005][2006][2007]. The mean genetic distance of viruses isolated from poultry reached its peak in 2010, and dropped in 2011, increasing again in 2012-2013. The reconstruction of virus circulation revealed a different viral-migration network of H5N1 virus by different hosts. Western Russia constituted a link in viral migration from Russia to Europe and Africa. Cross-species transmission of H5N1 viruses predominated in the migration network of the Black Sea-Mediterranean Flyway. This might be due to the migration of birds across long distances and interaction between local poultry and migratory birds. Additionally, the short-distance spread of H5N1 viruses among poultry followed local transportation networks. Such findings will aid in developing effective disease control and prevention strategies.

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“…HPAIV expected to be introduced via this area belong mainly to the 2.3.4.4 clade (Saito et al, 2015;Marchenko et al, 2014;Bouwstra et al, 2015;Adlhoch et al, 2014;Verhagen et al, 2015;Harder et al, 2015); (ii) the east area (E), EU border from Ukraina to Cyprus, where migratory wild birds also enter the EU generally during the fall-winter migration but where detected HPAIV mainly belong to the 2.3.2.1c clade (Alkhamis et al, 2013;Marinova-Petkova et al, 2012); (iii) the south area (S), EU border from the southern of Portugal to Cyprus, across which migratory wild birds generally enter the EU from Africa during the spring migration and HPAIV belonging to clades 2.2.1.2 (endemic in Egypt) and 2.3.2.1c (prevalent in subSaharan West-African countries) would be expected (Arafa et al, 2015;Kammon et al, 2015;Monne et al, 2015). The north-west area (NW), where wild birds migrating from or across Greenland to EU, is not considered due to the quantitatively minor proportion of wild bird entries.…”

Section: A311 Introduction Of Hpai Into Europe Via Migratory Wild Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workshop – Assessing risks of introduction of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus via wild birds

2016

EFSA Supporting Publications

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A workshop has been organised as part of the assessment of the risk of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) introduction via wild birds into the European Union (EU) and subsequently into a poultry holding. Parameters having a high impact on the outcomes of a model describing the risk of HPAI introduction via wild birds were estimated by a large group of experts using an expert knowledge elicitation (EKE) methodology. First, two groups of experts with knowledge in ornithology, epidemiology, virology and/or poultry production were introduced to the background of the risk assessment and trained in the Sheffield EKE method. Then all elicitation questions as well as all assumptions linked to the questions were clarified, the available scientific evidence was reviewed and final likelihood distributions were agreed during group discussions. Despite the initial reservation of experts towards the EKE process and the necessity of finding simplified answer to complex questions the workshop was considered a success since the experts were comfortable with the outcome of the elicitation process and valuable input on the model parameters and assumptions was provided. The experts expressed their interest to learn how the provided estimates would affect the model outcome. The next steps will be performed by the working group (WG) and the Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) Panel, in particular to integrate the outcomes of the workshop into the risk assessment and to clearly describe the limitations of the available data and estimates as well as the assumptions of model.

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Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus in Poultry, Nigeria, 2015

Cited by 60 publications

References 5 publications

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 Clade 2.3.2.1c virus in migratory birds, 2014–2015

Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 Clade 2.3.2.1c virus in migratory birds, 2014–2015

Genetic evidence for avian influenza H5N1 viral transmission along the Black Sea–Mediterranean Flyway

Workshop – Assessing risks of introduction of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus via wild birds

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