Highly ordered monocrystalline silver nanowire arrays

Sauer, G.; Brehm, G.; Schneider, Steffen; Nielsch, Kornelius; Wehrspohn, Ralf B.; Choi, Jinsub; Hofmeister, H.; Gösele, U.

doi:10.1063/1.1435830

Cited by 377 publications

(262 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…36 The deposition pulse was a 6 ms negative potential of Ϫ6 V, followed by a 6 ms positive potential of 6 V and a zero potential with delay time of 400 ms. The length of Ag nanowires was controlled by the deposition integral coulomb charge.…”

Section: Preparation Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmon-Mediated Radiative Energy Transfer across a Silver Nanowire Array via Resonant Transmission and Subwavelength Imaging

Zhou

Yang

et al. 2010

ACS Nano

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D irectional control over the excitation energy transfer between different nanosystems is of critical importance for the emerging field of nanophotonics and has various prospective applications ranging from biological detections to quantum information processing. 1Ϫ14 For instance, the excitation energy transfer between semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) is employed to demonstrate quantum operations, 4 and the stimulated interactions between active optical dipoles and surface plasmons are used to generate plasmonic lasing. 5Ϫ8 Comparing with nonradiative energy transfer (such as Dexter and Fö rster processes), 15,16 radiative energy transfer has sufficient distance range but poor efficiency and directionality. The surface plasmons of the exquisitely designing and optimizing metal nanostructures are powerful tools to enhance the efficiency of both radiative and nonradiative energy transfers. 1,17Ϫ19 The Ag films have been used by Andrew et al. to first demonstrate plasmon-mediated radiative energy transfer from donor to acceptor dye molecules over distances longer than 100 nm, 1 which proceeds in three processes, converting optical dipole of the donors to the surface plasmon on one interface of a Ag film, then cross coupling of two surface plasmons on the opposite interfaces of the film, and finally transferring excitation energy to the acceptors on the opposite side. On the basis of this principle, the corrugated nanostructures have been used by Feng et al. to enhance the cross coupling of the two surface plasmons on the opposite interfaces. 17 A two-dimensional (2D) standing metal nanowire array could be a good candidate to assist radiative energy transfer due to its near-field coupling and imaging behaviors. 20,21 The excitation energy of nanoemitters can be efficiently converted to the surface plasmons through strong coupling near the tips of the Ag nanowires, 10 and the corresponding Purcell factor, P (the ratio of the spontaneous emission rate into the plasmon modes over emission into other channels), is predicted to be as high as 10 3 . 22,23 Metal nanorods support both longitudinal and transverse surface plasmon resonances (abbreviated by LSPRs and TSPRs, respectively) by the free electrons near the metal surface oscillating perpendicularly to and along the long axis of the nanorods. Resonant transmission through a Au nanorod array with a far-field excitation is reported by Lyvers et al.,24 which is found to be caused by the half-

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Section: Preparation Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmon-Mediated Radiative Energy Transfer across a Silver Nanowire Array via Resonant Transmission and Subwavelength Imaging

Zhou

Yang

et al. 2010

ACS Nano

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“…Previously, alumina membranes obtained from the anodization of thick ͑Ͼ100 m͒ aluminum foils were mostly used for the fabrication of nanowires. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] These nanowires were grown by electrodeposition, which cannot be easily adapted for the fabrication of nanodots with controlled and uniform thickness. Moreover, this method requires transfer of the alumina membranes onto a substrate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and structural characterization of highly ordered sub-100-nm planar magnetic nanodot arrays over 1cm2 coverage area

Roshchin

Batlle

et al. 2006

Journal of Applied Physics

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Porous alumina masks are fabricated by anodization of aluminum films grown on both semiconducting and insulating substrates. For these self-assembled alumina masks, pore diameters and periodicities within the ranges of 10-130 and 20-200 nm, respectively, can be controlled by varying anodization conditions. 20 nm periodicities correspond to pore densities in excess of 10 12 per square inch, close to the holy grail of media with 1 Tbit/ in. 2 density. With these alumina masks, ordered sub-100-nm planar ferromagnetic nanodot arrays covering over 1 cm 2 were fabricated by electron beam evaporation and subsequent mask lift-off. Moreover, exchange-biased bilayer nanodots were fabricated using argon-ion milling. The average dot diameter and periodicity are tuned between 25 and 130 nm and between 45 and 200 nm, respectively. Quantitative analyses of scanning electron microscopy ͑SEM͒ images of pore and dot arrays show a high degree of hexagonal ordering and narrow size distributions. The dot periodicity obtained from grazing incidence small angle neutron scattering on nanodot arrays covering ϳ2.5 cm 2 is in good agreement with SEM image characterization. © 2006 American Institute of Physics. ͓DOI: 10.1063/1.2356606͔ INTRODUCTIONNanostructured magnets have attracted great attention recently due to their unique magnetic properties which are completely different from those of continuous films and bulk materials. [1][2][3][4] In addition, nanoscale studies may shed light on the heavily investigated mechanism of exchange bias 5-9 existing in ferromagnet ͑FM͒-antiferromagnet ͑AF͒ bilayers. Fabrication of sub-100-nm FM single layer and FM/AF bilayer nanostructures offers a great opportunity for research on fundamental magnetism at the nanoscale.A variety of methods are used for nanofabrication, including electron beam and optical lithography. The low throughput and high cost of electron beam lithography lead to limited applicability for the fabrication of nanopatterns with large coverage area. Although optical lithography has high throughput, the smallest size of features that can be produced is limited by the long optical wavelength. Among many nanofabrication methods, 10-15 a promising technique is based on masks with sub-100-nm self-assembled pores. Such masks, for example, can be fabricated by the anodization of aluminum under appropriate experimental conditions. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Arrays of nanopores with tunable pore diameter covering more than 1 cm 2 demonstrate the potential application of porous alumina ͑AlO x ͒ masks for nanostructure fabrication. Previously, alumina membranes obtained from the anodization of thick ͑Ͼ100 m͒ aluminum foils were mostly used for the fabrication of nanowires. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] These nanowires were grown by electrodeposition, which cannot be easily adapted for the fabrication of nanodots with controlled and uniform thickness. Moreover, this method requires transfer of the alumina membranes onto a substrate. Insufficient adhesion between the membrane and substrate,...

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“…13 Figure 2.1: Pulse parameters used by Sauer et al to yield single crystal silver nanowires. Taken from reference 13 .…”

Section: Electrochemistry Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A potentiostat was used to control the electrochemical reaction performed between the counter, reference, and working (sputtered gold film) electrodes. g/l ammonium citrate was added under the same conditions to adjust the ph of the solution to 4.5 (as reported by reference) 13 . The final silver solution used to deposit nanowires was made by adding 2% Difco gelatin by weight to a commercial silver bath solution, 1025 RTU, made by Technic Inc. Then the solution was diluted with water according to the ratio 1:1.…”

Section: Nanowire Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nano Electronic Materials

2017

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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This thesis explores fabrication methods and characterization of novel materials used in field effect transistors, including metallic nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and graphene.Networks of conductive nanotubes are promising candidates for thin film electrode alternatives due to their desirable transparency, flexibility, and potential for large-scale processing. Silver nanowire and carbon nanotube networks are evaluated for their use as thin film electrode alternatives. Growth of silver nanowires in porous alumina membranes, dispersion onto a variety of substrates, and patterning is described. Metallic carbon nanotubes are suspended in aqueous solutions, airbrushed onto substrates, and patterned. The conductivity and transparency of both networks is evaluated against industry standards.Graphene is a two dimensional gapless semimetal that demonstrates outstanding room temperature mobilities, optical transparency, mechanical strength, and sustains large current densities, all desirable properties for semiconductors used in field effect transistors. Graphene's low on/off ratio and low throughput fabrication techniques have yet to be overcome before it becomes commercially viable.Silicon oxide substrates are common dielectrics in field effect transistors and instrumental in locating mechanically exfoliated graphene. The morphology of two different silicon oxides have been studied statistically with atomic force microscopy and scaling analysis. Tailoring the physical properties of these substrates may provide a control of graphene's electrical properties.A silicon oxide substrate may also be chemically altered to control the properties of graphene. I have modified silicon oxide with self-assembled monolayers with various terminal groups to control the field near the graphene. I characterize the monolayers with atomic force microscopy, x-ray photospectroscopy, and contact angles. I characterize graphene on these substrates using Raman microscopy and transport measurements.Finally, I examine low frequency noise in graphene field effect transistors on conventional silicon oxide substrates. As devices become smaller, the signal to noise ratio of these devices becomes important. Low frequency noise occurs on long time scales and must be controlled for device stability. I measure novel behavior of low frequency noise in multiple graphene devices. The noise may be described electronhole puddles in the graphene that are caused by trapped charges near the surface of silicon oxide. NANOELECTRONIC MATERIALS

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Highly ordered monocrystalline silver nanowire arrays

Cited by 377 publications

References 31 publications

Plasmon-Mediated Radiative Energy Transfer across a Silver Nanowire Array via Resonant Transmission and Subwavelength Imaging

Plasmon-Mediated Radiative Energy Transfer across a Silver Nanowire Array via Resonant Transmission and Subwavelength Imaging

Fabrication and structural characterization of highly ordered sub-100-nm planar magnetic nanodot arrays over 1cm2 coverage area

Nano Electronic Materials

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