Highly improved electro-actuation of dielectric elastomers by molecular grafting of azobenzenes to silicon rubber

Zhang, Ling; Wang, Dongrui; Hu, Penghao; Zha, Jun‐Wei; You, Feng; Li, Shengtao

doi:10.1039/c5tc00368g

Cited by 86 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Zhang et al created high permittivity silicone elastomers, with a functionalisation approach similar to that used by Kussmaul et al, using a dihydroxyl‐functional nitroazobenzene dipolar molecule in a condensation reaction with hydroxyl‐terminated PDMS, a tetraethylorthosilicate cross‐linker and a dibutyltin dilaurate catalyst. However, in this study a difunctional dipolar molecule was used in condensation reactions, and therefore it could actively participate in the curing process (as chain extender/additional cross‐linking site) and would not just block one of the cross‐linking sites (see Figure ).…”

Section: Investigated Silicone Materials For Dielectric Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Current State of Silicone-Based Dielectric Elastomer Transducers

Madsen

Daugaard

Hvilsted

et al. 2016

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

360

392

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Silicone elastomers are promising materials for dielectric elastomer transducers (DETs) due to superior properties such as high efficiency, reliability and fast response times. DETs consist of thin elastomer films sandwiched between compliant electrodes, and they constitute an interesting class of transducer due to their inherent lightweight and potentially large strains. For the field to progress towards industrial implementation, a leap in material development is required, specifically targeting longer lifetime and higher energy densities to provide more efficient transduction at lower driving voltages. In this review the current state of silicone elastomers for DETs is summarised and critically discussed, including commercial elastomers, composites, polymer blends, grafted elastomers and complex network structures. For future developments in the field it is essential that all aspects of the elastomer are taken into account, namely dielectric losses, lifetime and the very often ignored polymer network integrity and stability.Complete Manuscript

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Section: Investigated Silicone Materials For Dielectric Elastomersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Current State of Silicone-Based Dielectric Elastomer Transducers

Madsen

Daugaard

Hvilsted

et al. 2016

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

360

392

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…17,30 The results are listed in Table 1. The obtained data prove that increasing b values are obtained as the increasing of PDMS contents in the blends, which suggests that the reduction in Y is more effective for the improvement of electromechanical actuation.…”

Section: Electromechanical Actuationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…1,4,8,10 To conquer the challenge, many researchers have dedicated to fabricating elastomers with enhanced dielectric permittivity to improve the electrostatic pressure. 8 Various ceramics with high dielectric permittivity, 11,12 conductive nanomaterials, 13,14 and organic strong polar molecules [15][16][17] have been chemically/physically incorporated into the elastomers. Though the actuation of DEAs can be improved in some extent, the increase in elastic modulus and severe deterioration in dielectric strength limit the practical applications of such elastomers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remarkably improved electromechanical actuation of polyurethane enabled by blending with silicone rubber

et al. 2017

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Herein we report the highly improved electromechanical actuation of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) by blending with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to construct a bicontinuous structure. TPU/PDMS blend films with various PDMS loadings were fabricated through a simple solution-assisted casting method. Infrared spectroscopy measurements confirmed that TPU and PDMS are thermodynamically incompatible with each other. For TPU 80 with 80 parts of PDMS, a bicontinuous phase structure was achieved. The TPU 80 film showed greatly decreased elastic modulus and improved elongation at break compared to pristine TPU. It also showed the highest dielectric constant among the TPU/PDMS blend films with various contents of PDMS due to strong interfacial polarization. Most importantly, the TPU 80 film exhibited a maximum areal strain of 2.3% under an electric field of 40 V mm À1 , which is about 60 times higher than that of pristine TPU. The results described in this work demonstrate that the construction of a bicontinuous interface structure at the micrometer scale is very effective to develop elastomers with superior electromechanical actuation performance.

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“…• 100 (6) where the median rank is the value that the true probability of failure, F(EB), should have at the jth failure out of a sample of N units at the 50% confidence level. Thereby the left side of Equation 5 as function of ln(EB) and thereby β can be found as the slope of the linear regression and the product (β· ln(η)) as the intersection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple method for reducing inevitable dielectric loss in high-permittivity dielectric elastomers

Madsen

Mazurek

et al. 2016

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Abstract. Commercial viability of dielectric elastomers is currently limited by a few obstacles, including high driving voltages (in the kV range). Driving voltage can be lowered by either decreasing the Young's modulus or increasing the dielectric permittivity of silicone elastomers, or a combination thereof. A decrease in the Young's modulus, however, is often accompanied by a loss in mechanical stability, whereas increases in dielectric permittivity are usually followed by a large increase in dielectric loss followed by a decrease in breakdown strength and thereby the lifetime of the dielectric elastomer. A new soft elastomer matrix, with high dielectric permittivity and a low Young's modulus, aligned with no loss of mechanical stability, was prepared through the use of commercially available chloropropyl-functional silicone oil mixed into a tough commercial LSR silicone elastomer. The addition of chloropropylfunctional silicone oil in concentrations up to 30 phr was found to improve the properties of the silicone elastomer significantly, as dielectric permittivity increased to 4.4, dielectric breakdown increased up to 25% and dielectric losses were reduced. The chloropropyl-functional silicone oil also decreased the dielectric losses of an elastomer containing dielectric permittivity-enhancing TiO2 fillers. Commercially available chloropropyl-functional silicone oil thus constitutes a facile method for improved silicone dielectric elastomers, with very low dielectric losses.

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Highly improved electro-actuation of dielectric elastomers by molecular grafting of azobenzenes to silicon rubber

Abstract: Electromechanical deformation of silicone rubbers was efficiently improved by chemically grafting with strong polar azobenzenes.

Cited by 86 publications

References 43 publications

The Current State of Silicone-Based Dielectric Elastomer Transducers

The Current State of Silicone-Based Dielectric Elastomer Transducers

Remarkably improved electromechanical actuation of polyurethane enabled by blending with silicone rubber

A simple method for reducing inevitable dielectric loss in high-permittivity dielectric elastomers

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