Highly fluorescent silver nanoclusters stabilized by glutathione: a promising fluorescent label for bioimaging

Guével, Xavier Le; Spies, Christian; Daum, Nicole; Jung, Gregor; Schneider, Marc

doi:10.1007/s12274-012-0218-1

Cited by 158 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…We can broadly classify luminescent Ag NCs that have been successfully synthesized into two types: (1) macromoleculeprotected luminescent Ag NCs (for example, polymers, [37][38][39] dendrimers, 40 DNA [41][42][43] and proteins 44,45 ) and (2) thiol-protected luminescent Ag NCs. [46][47][48][49][50][51][52] Among the luminescent Ag NCs, thiolprotected Ag NCs are more attractive for biomedical applications, especially for subcellular imaging, because of their ultrasmall hydrodynamic diameters (o3 nm), facile post-functionalization and good stability. Thiol-protected Ag NCs are generally synthesized by the etching or decomposition method by making use of the unique thiol-Ag interaction, where large-sized non-luminescent nanocrystals or NCs are etched by thiol ligands to smaller-sized luminescent NCs with a well-defined structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thiol-protected Ag NCs are generally synthesized by the etching or decomposition method by making use of the unique thiol-Ag interaction, where large-sized non-luminescent nanocrystals or NCs are etched by thiol ligands to smaller-sized luminescent NCs with a well-defined structure. [47][48][49]51 Several successful attempts have been recently reported for the generation of luminescent Ag NCs at the organic-water interface or inside the organic phase. [47][48][49]53 This organic phase synthesis greatly limits its applicability in biomedical settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly luminescent silver nanoclusters with tunable emissions: cyclic reduction–decomposition synthesis and antimicrobial properties

et al. 2013

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This paper reports a facile aqueous-based synthesis method for highly luminescent Ag nanoclusters (NCs) with tunable emissions. The key strategy was to use a reduction-decomposition-reduction cycle to modify the Ag NC intermediates that were further subjected to size/structure focusing. The as-modified Ag NC intermediates were more robust in water against the subsequent etching by thiol ligands, making a mild size-/structure-focusing environment possible, which produced highly luminescent Ag NCs with a well-defined size and structure. Ag NCs with intense red and green emission were successfully synthesized by this method. These Ag NCs possessed a well-defined size and structure (Ag 16 (SG) 9 and Ag 9 (SG) 6 ), and exhibited excellent stability in the aqueous phase. Our highly luminescent Ag NCs also possessed superior antimicrobial properties against the multidrug-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, via generating a high concentration of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Keywords: antimicrobial; biomedical applications; luminescence; silver nanoclusters; thiol ligands INTRODUCTION Ultrasmall noble metal nanoclusters (NCs), typically composed of several to a hundred metal atoms, present unique physical and chemical properties between single atoms and large nanocrystals (42 nm). [1][2][3][4] Owing to the strong quantum size confinement in this size range (o 2 nm), NCs possess discrete and size-tunable electronic transitions and display unique molecule-like properties, such as quantized charging and luminescence. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Strong luminescence is one of the most attractive features of these NCs owing to their ultrafine size, good photostability and low toxicity; 13 some of these properties may not be realized by other luminophores, such as organic dyes (for example, photostability concerns) and semiconductor quantum dots (for example, relatively large size and toxicity concerns). 2,8,9,14,15 Recent studies have shown that luminescent Au and Ag NCs are promising optical probes for bioimaging and biosensing applications. 4,[16][17][18][19][20] This finding has led to the development of various methods for the synthesis of highly luminescent Au and Ag NCs. 2,21 On the other hand, insofar as nanostructured Ag-based materials are concerned, they are finding an increasing usage for antimicrobial applications owing to the unique chemistry of Ag interfacing with microorganisms. [22][23][24] Although there is a large volume of work exploring the potential use of large Ag

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly luminescent silver nanoclusters with tunable emissions: cyclic reduction–decomposition synthesis and antimicrobial properties

et al. 2013

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“…For instance, the Mattoussi lab reported the preparation of red-emitting Au NCs with a quantum yield of up to 14% when stabilised with bidentate thiolated ligands containing a zwitterionic group 40 . NC features such as tunable photoluminescence [41][42] , multiexponential fluorescence lifetime [43][44] , or aggregation induced enhancement 45 have been extensively studied with potential applications in the fields of sensing 46 , bioimaging 47 and optics 48 . Other interesting properties of NCs relevant for therapeutic applications rely on their ultra-small size, low toxicity and stability in physiological media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivalent Glycosylation of Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters Promotes Increased Human Dendritic Cell Targeting via Multiple Endocytic Pathways

Guével

Perrino

Fernández³

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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We report the synthesis and characterisation of gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) stabilised by a mixture of zwitterionic and multivalent mannose ligands. Characterisation of this carbohydrated nanosystem confirms its small size (~2 nm), intense red-NIR fluorescence, relatively high affinity to lectin (ConA), and stability in physiological media. Cell studies performed using human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) show that Au NC uptake efficiency is greatly enhanced by the presence of surface carbohydrate (> 250% compared to non-carbohydrated Au 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 2 NCs) allowing their detection in cells by fluorescence following incubation with concentrations as low as 1 µg.mL -1 . Investigation using electron microscopy and pharmacological inhibitorsindicates that Au NC uptake is mediated by multiple endocytic pathways involving the engulfment of Au NCs into endosomes and partial transport to lysosomes. Results show that clathrin and F-actin dependent pathways play major roles in Au NC uptake by DCs regardless of whether or not they are coated with carbohydrates. In contrast, a specific C-lectin inhibitor induces a 60% decrease in DC particle uptake only for the carbohydrate-coated Au NCs. This study demonstrates that the combination of ultra-small gold NCs and functionalisation with multivalent mannose ligands results in greatly enhanced human DC targeting, presumably due to increased diffusion and target cell binding, respectively.

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“…The DNA-Ag NCs (Φ = 39.7%) were efficiently used in bio-imaging readings in HeLa cells by Zhu and co-workers [122]. Guével et al reported the GSH-Ag NCs (Φ value of >60%) with blue-green, yellow, and red emissions, which was further used in bio-imaging of epithelial lung cancer cells (A549); hence, its application was proposed in biomolecular interaction diagnostics [123]. Qu et al described the hyperbranched PEI-capped Ag NCs (Φ = 3.8%) as highly sensitive fluorescent and colorimetric pH sensors [124], in which, upon increasing acidity, the probe visualizes color changes from colorless to a colored state.…”

Section: Ag Ncs As Sensory Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminescent Metal Nanoclusters for Potential Chemosensor Applications

Shellaiah

Sun

2017

Chemosensors

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Studies of metal nanocluster (M-NCs)-based sensors for specific analyte detection have achieved significant progress in recent decades. Ultra-small-size (<2 nm) M-NCs consist of several to a few hundred metal atoms and exhibit extraordinary physical and chemical properties. Similar to organic molecules, M-NCs display absorption and emission properties via electronic transitions between energy levels upon interaction with light. As such, researchers tend to apply M-NCs in diverse fields, such as in chemosensors, biological imaging, catalysis, and environmental and electronic devices. Chemo-and bio-sensory uses have been extensively explored with luminescent NCs of Au, Ag, Cu, and Pt as potential sensory materials. Luminescent bi-metallic NCs, such as Au-Ag, Au-Cu, Au-Pd, and Au-Pt have also been used as probes in chemosensory investigations. Both metallic and bi-metallic NCs have been utilized to detect various analytes, such as metal ions, anions, biomolecules, proteins, acidity or alkalinity of a solution (pH), and nucleic acids, at diverse detection ranges and limits. In this review, we have summarized the chemosensory applications of luminescent M-NCs and bi-metallic NCs.

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Highly fluorescent silver nanoclusters stabilized by glutathione: a promising fluorescent label for bioimaging

Cited by 158 publications

References 33 publications

Highly luminescent silver nanoclusters with tunable emissions: cyclic reduction–decomposition synthesis and antimicrobial properties

Highly luminescent silver nanoclusters with tunable emissions: cyclic reduction–decomposition synthesis and antimicrobial properties

Multivalent Glycosylation of Fluorescent Gold Nanoclusters Promotes Increased Human Dendritic Cell Targeting via Multiple Endocytic Pathways

Luminescent Metal Nanoclusters for Potential Chemosensor Applications

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