Highly flexible, stretchable, patternable, transparent copper fiber heater on a complex 3D surface

Jo, Hong Seok; An, Seongpil; Lee, Jong Gun; Park, Hyun Goo; Al-Deyab, Salem S.; Yarin, Alexander L.; Yoon, Sam S.

doi:10.1038/am.2016.206

Cited by 119 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…9 In addition, the low thermal conductivity of ITO can lead to slow heating and cooling rates. 10 Because of these disadvantages of ITO, the use of low-dimensional and stretchable conductive materials, such as graphene, [11][12][13] CNTs, 14,15 metal nanowires (mNWs) 7,[16][17][18] and serpentine patterns of metal films, 19,20 has been studied extensively in the search for stretchable heaters. However, carbon-based, transparent heaters require high operation voltages because of their relatively high R s values without doping (4~250 Ω per sq), which can degrade their power efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid production of large-area, transparent and stretchable electrodes using metal nanofibers as wirelessly operated wearable heaters

et al. 2017

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A rapidly growing interest in wearable electronics has led to the development of stretchable and transparent heating films that can replace the conventional brittle and opaque heaters. Herein, we describe the rapid production of large-area, stretchable and transparent electrodes using electrospun ultra-long metal nanofibers (mNFs) and demonstrate their potential use as wirelessly operated wearable heaters. These mNF networks provide excellent optoelectronic properties (sheet resistance of~1.3 Ω per sq with an optical transmittance of~90%) and mechanical reliability (90% stretchability). The optoelectronic properties can be controlled by adjusting the area fraction of the mNF networks, which also enables the modulation of the power consumption of the heater. For example, the low sheet resistance of the heater presents an outstanding power efficiency of 0.65 W cm − 2 (with the temperature reaching 250°C at a low DC voltage of 4.5 V), which is~10 times better than the properties of conventional indium tin oxide-based heaters. Furthermore, we demonstrate the wireless fine control of the temperature of the heating film using Bluetooth smart devices, which suggests substantial promise for the application of this heating film in next-generation wearable electronics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid production of large-area, transparent and stretchable electrodes using metal nanofibers as wirelessly operated wearable heaters

et al. 2017

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“…As shown in Figure a,b, the saturation temperature was directly affected by the sheet resistance of the transparent electrodes because the saturation temperatures of TFHs are closely related to the resistance of the electrode and applied voltage, as we described in our previous work . In addition, a relationship between the sheet resistance and saturated temperature of TFHs can be expressed in terms of Joule's law

P = V I

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Highly Transparent, Deformable, and Multifunctional AgPdCu/ITO/PTFE Hybrid Films for Self‐Cleaning, Flexible, and Energy‐Saving Smart Windows

Lee

Park

Kim

2018

Adv Materials Inter

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Rollable, bendable, twistable, and foldable polymer–oxide–metal multistacked hybrid films are demonstrated, which simultaneously act as multifunctional electrodes in flexible polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) windows and flexible and transparent thin‐film heaters (TFHs) for self‐cleanable and flexible smart windows. By continuous sputtering of a thin polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)–indium tin oxide (ITO)–AgPdCu (APC) multilayer on a colorless polyimide substrate, transparent and multifunctional films are fabricated with a low sheet resistance of 7 Ω □−1, high optical transmittance of 83% at a wavelength of 550 nm, low transmittance in the infrared region, and a high contact angle of 109°. Based on inner/outer bending, rolling, twisting, and folding tests, the outstanding flexibility of these PTFE/ITO/APC multistacked films is demonstrated. The flexible PDLC and flexible TFHs with PTFE/ITO/APC multistacked electrodes show a controllable transmittance range between the on and off states that is nearly 40%, and a high saturation temperature of 111 °C is observed at a low applied voltage of 4 V. The multifunctional properties of the flexible PDLC and TFHs fabricated on PTFE/ITO/APC hybrid films indicate that the polymer–oxide–metal hybrid film is a versatile transparent electrode that can be used for flexible, smart, and energy‐saving windows.

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“…The TCE electrodes having excellent transparency and conductivity can also be used as high-performance transparent heaters for various applications, either as an integrated component for optoelectronic devices e.g., for the removal of snow on solar panels [ 22 ] or as a stand-alone defrosting device, e.g., for vehicles and windows [ 23 , 24 ]. Figure 5 a shows the heater characteristics for the ZnO/Cu/ZnO electrodes having 6 nm-, 8 nm-, and 10 nm-thick Cu layers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Transmittance Modulation of ZnO/Cu/ZnO Transparent Conductive Electrodes Prepared on Glass Substrates

Choi

2020

Materials

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With the explosive development of optoelectronic devices, the need for high-performance transparent conductive (TCE) electrodes for optoelectronic devices has been increasing accordingly. The two major TCE requirements are (1) visible light average transmittance higher than 80% and (2) sheet resistance lower than 10 Ω/sq. In this study, we investigated the critical role of the top and bottom ZnO thicknesses for the ZnO/Cu/ZnO electrodes prepared on glass substrates. It was shown that the required Cu thickness to meet the conductivity requirement is 8 nm, which was fixed and then the thicknesses of the top and ZnO layers were independently varied to experimentally determine the optimized conditions for optical transparency. The thicknesses of the top and bottom ZnO layers were both found to significantly affect the peak transmittance as well as the average visible light transmittance. The ZnO/Cu/ZnO electrode exhibits peak and average transmittance of 95.4% and 87.4%, excluding the transmittance of glass substrates, along with a sheet resistance of 9.7 Ω/sq, with a corresponding Haacke’s figure of merit (φH=Tave10Rs) of 0.064, which exceeds the reported value for the ZnO/Cu/ZnO electrodes, manifesting the need of experimental optimization in this study.

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Highly flexible, stretchable, patternable, transparent copper fiber heater on a complex 3D surface

Cited by 119 publications

References 40 publications

Rapid production of large-area, transparent and stretchable electrodes using metal nanofibers as wirelessly operated wearable heaters

Rapid production of large-area, transparent and stretchable electrodes using metal nanofibers as wirelessly operated wearable heaters

Highly Transparent, Deformable, and Multifunctional AgPdCu/ITO/PTFE Hybrid Films for Self‐Cleaning, Flexible, and Energy‐Saving Smart Windows

The Transmittance Modulation of ZnO/Cu/ZnO Transparent Conductive Electrodes Prepared on Glass Substrates

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