Highly flexible and energy-efficient process for converting coke-oven gas and pulverized coke into methanol and ammonia using chemical looping technology

Zhao, Yaxian; Zhao, Yingjie; Yi, Qun; Li, Ting; Wang, Jiancheng; Wang, Bao; Chang, Liping

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2021.114796

Cited by 23 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The economic evaluation of some proposed plants that using chemical looping process to prepare feedstock of catalytic ammonia synthesis unit shows a considerable financial interest mainly due to the feasibility in CO 2 capture and the reduction in the number of plant units and energy consumptions. [137][138][139][140][141] process for ammonia and urea production by replacing the air separation unit and water gas conversion unit of the traditional coal-to-urea process with the coal direct chemical looping hydrogen production (CDCLTU). Compared with the traditional process, the energy consumption of CO 2 separation and capture of this process was reduced by 97.04% with an energy efficiency of 79.7% in the hydrogen process and 99% CO 2 capture.…”

Section: Techno-economic Assessment Of the Clas Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards green and efficient chemical looping ammonia synthesis: design principles and advanced redox catalysts

Zhang,

Pei,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Energy Environ. Sci.

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Section: Techno-economic Assessment Of the Clas Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards green and efficient chemical looping ammonia synthesis: design principles and advanced redox catalysts

Zhang,

Pei,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Energy Environ. Sci.

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“…162 Yaxian Zhao et al pointed out that the global actual production of ammonia in 2020 was 187 million tons, with 85% of it being used directly or indirectly in agriculture. 163 YYunliang Qi et al stated that almost all new ships built between 2040 and 2045 in the shipping industry will be fueled by ammonia, making it urgent to develop synthetic routes and applications for e-ammonia. Although hydrogen has the advantage of high calorific value, it cannot provide sufficient energy for long-distance shipping.…”

Section: E-fuels Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paul Balcombe et al noted that as of 2021, 11 ships powered by e-methanol have been put into operation, and the shipping industry is gradually realizing the benefits of significantly reduced CO 2 and NO x emissions from e-methanol . Yaxian Zhao et al pointed out that the global actual production of ammonia in 2020 was 187 million tons, with 85% of it being used directly or indirectly in agriculture . YYunliang Qi et al stated that almost all new ships built between 2040 and 2045 in the shipping industry will be fueled by ammonia, making it urgent to develop synthetic routes and applications for e-ammonia.…”

Section: E-fuels Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives and Outlook of E-fuels: Production, Cost Effectiveness, and Applications

Shi,

Guan,

Zhuang

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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With the introduction of the EU's "ban on combustion" proposal in 2035, the sale of new fossil fuel vehicles will soon be comprehensively prohibited. The use of e-fuels has become the best means for the survival and continuation of internal combustion engines, while also responding to the call for carbon neutrality. This review studies how the raw materials required for different e-fuels can be obtained through the assistance of renewable energy or various net-zero carbon emission routes, and elaborates on the synthesis methods, economics, and challenges faced by e-fuels such as e-methanol and e-ammonia. E-fuels have a wide range of market applications, including but not limited to road transportation, aviation, and shipping, and some transportation vehicles have already chosen e-fuels as their fuel. By summarizing the technoeconomic analysis of e-fuels, this review aims to provide referable methods and multiple options for the future large-scale production of e-fuels, as well as insights for the subsequent application and improvement of e-fuels.

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“…Additionally, the overall cost of the system is reduced by 48.69%. In addition to using coal as a raw material to synthesize ammonia, coke oven gas can also be utilized to co-produce NH 3 while generating H 2 [93] .…”

Section: Clas Based On Haber-boschmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Chemical Looping Ammonia Synthesis

Han,

Xue,

et al. 2024

Innov Discov

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Ammonia, being a vital chemical compound, has made substantial contributions to the progress of society. It addresses not only the issue of nitrogen fixation from the atmosphere but also helps alleviate the food crisis. Nevertheless, the conventional Haber-Bosch process for synthesizing ammonia is frequently associated with substantial greenhouse gas emissions and the consumption of fossil fuels. Consequently, in response to significant environmental challenges, the prospective trajectory for the synthetic ammonia sector involves the adoption of strategies such as carbon reduction, energy-efficient conversions, and the exploration of environmentally friendly and sustainable approaches to ammonia synthesis. Among the various methods for green ammonia synthesis, chemical looping ammonia synthesis (CLAS) technology is regarded as one of the most promising alternatives to conventional ammonia synthesis methods in the upcoming years. This can be attributed to the relatively mild operating conditions and the flexible and distributed characteristics of its processes. In this paper, the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of nitridation and ammoniation reactions were examined through the lens of CLAS. The design and regulation strategies of nitrogen carriers (NCs) are summarized based on various types of NCs. The process of CLAS was summarized in relation to various NCs. This paper serves as a foundational resource for the prospective advancement of the CLAS framework.

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Highly flexible and energy-efficient process for converting coke-oven gas and pulverized coke into methanol and ammonia using chemical looping technology

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Towards green and efficient chemical looping ammonia synthesis: design principles and advanced redox catalysts

Towards green and efficient chemical looping ammonia synthesis: design principles and advanced redox catalysts

Perspectives and Outlook of E-fuels: Production, Cost Effectiveness, and Applications

A Comprehensive Review of Chemical Looping Ammonia Synthesis

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