Highly elevated levels of prostaglandin D synthase in the serum of patients with renal failure

Melegos, Dimitrios N.; Grass, Linda; Pierratos, Andreas; Diamandis, Eleftherios P.

doi:10.1016/s0090-4295(98)00453-1

Cited by 77 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…prostaglandin D 2 synthase (29,44), an enzyme with different vascular actions. Preliminary reports on a possible use of BTP as a diagnostic protein in renal disease were based on the finding of highly elevated concentrations of BTP in the serum of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis patients (16,44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum and urinary markers of early impairment of GFR in chronic kidney disease patients: diagnostic accuracy of urinary β-trace protein

Donadio

2010

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum and urinary markers of early impairment of GFR in chronic kidney disease patients: diagnostic accuracy of urinary β-trace protein

Donadio

2010

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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“…In Dahl salt-sensitive rats susceptible to hypertension-induced kidney injuries, tissue concentration of PGD 2 in the outer medulla was significantly lower than those of saltresistant rats (46). A large number of studies report a creatinine-like increase in plasma L-PGDS in chronic renal disease (18,25,32). More importantly, urinary L-PGDS excretion markedly increases in the early stage of kidney injury such as diabetic nephropathy, and urinary L-PGDS is considered as a useful predictor of the forthcoming renal injury (47,48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostaglandin D₂inhibits TGF-β₁-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in MDCK cells

Zhang¹,

Zheng

Yang³

2006

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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In a separate study, we identified PGE 2 as a potent inhibitor of TGF-␤1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cultured Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells (Zhang A, Wang M-H, Dong Z, and Yang T. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 291: F1323-F1331, 2006). This finding prompted us to examine the roles of other prostanoids: PGD 2, PGF2␣, PGI 2, and thromboxane A2 (TXA2). Treatment with 10 ng/ml TGF-␤1 for 3 days induced EMT as reflected by conversion to the spindle-like morphology, loss of E-cadherin, and activation of ␣-smooth muscle actin (␣-SMA). Treatment with PGD 2 remarkably preserved the epithelial-like morphology, restored the expression of E-cadherin, and abolished the activation of ␣-SMA. In contrast, PGF 2␣, carbocyclic thromboxane A2, PGI 2 and its stable analog beraprost were without an effect. MDCK cells expressed DP 1 and DP2 receptors; however, the effect of PGD2 was neither prevented by DP 1 antagonist BW-A868C or DP2 antagonist BAY-u3405 nor was mimicked by DP 1 agonist BW-245C. cAMPelevating agents forskolin and 8-Br-cAMP blocked EMT. However, cAMP blockers H89 and Rp-cAMP failed to block the effect of PGD2. PGD 2 did not seem to act via its metabolites as 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J 2 (15d-PGJ2) levels in the medium following incubation with 3 M PGD 2 were well below the values predicted from the cross activity of the assay. Exposure to TGF-␤ 1 induced a threefold increase in reactive oxygen species production that was completely abolished by PGD2. We conclude that 1) PGD2, but not PGI2, PGF2␣, and TXA2 inhibit EMT, 2) PGD2 inhibits EMT independently of DP1 and DP2 receptors, and 3) PGD2 exhibits antioxidant property which may, in part, account for the antifibrotic action of this PG.

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“…Serum b-trace protein increases with reduction in GFR, and has a linear correlation with serum creatinine [17], as our findings confirmed. Markedly elevated levels have been found in patients with end-stage renal failure [20], and thus the CSF : serum ratio is likely to be different in patients with renal impairment. The increased GFR in pregnancy may explain the lower mean serum b-trace protein concentration we found, compared with historical controls from the non-pregnant populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid and serum concentrations of beta‐trace protein during pregnancy

McArthur

Hill²,

Paech

et al. 2005

Anaesthesia

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SummaryWe conducted a prospective observational study among a cohort of 40 term parturients undergoing spinal anaesthesia for elective Caesarean section, to determine the concentration of b-trace protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. Serum and CSF samples, taken at the time of dural puncture, were assayed by nephelometry. The mean serum b-trace protein concentration was 0.39 mg.l )1 and the mean CSF concentration was 27.9 mg.l )1 , giving a mean ratio of CSF to serum concentration of 76. This ratio is higher than that published for non-pregnant females and for males because of both a higher mean CSF and a lower mean serum b-trace protein concentration. The concentration correlated positively with both serum creatinine and gestational age. If these concentrations are used to estimate the normal range, we propose that the nephelometric measurement of b-trace protein might prove a useful diagnostic test for cerebrospinal fluidcutaneous fistula in parturients. Reports of cerebrospinal fluid-cutaneous fistulae (CSFCF) complicating epidural anaesthesia are uncommon [1]. However, in our experience, fluid leakage at the site of epidural needle insertion for combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia is not uncommon [2]. A fast and accurate test to detect CSF in such fluid would be valuable, given concern that meningitis might complicate the clinical picture [3]. The nephelometric assay of b-trace protein is considered the best method of detecting CSF rhinorrhoea and otorrhoea [4], and concentrations of serum and CSF b-trace protein have been determined for healthy male and female patients. However, the CSF concentration of b-trace protein has not been studied in the pregnant population. b-trace protein (prostaglandin D synthase) is an abundant brain-specific protein, comprising about 3% of the total CSF protein [5]. It is synthesised by both the choroid plexus and the leptomeninges [4], and is normally found in CSF in concentrations 35 times higher than in serum. This ratio is the highest of all the CSF-specific proteins, making b-trace protein an ideal marker for the detection of CSF [6,7].

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Highly elevated levels of prostaglandin D synthase in the serum of patients with renal failure

Cited by 77 publications

References 21 publications

Serum and urinary markers of early impairment of GFR in chronic kidney disease patients: diagnostic accuracy of urinary β-trace protein

Serum and urinary markers of early impairment of GFR in chronic kidney disease patients: diagnostic accuracy of urinary β-trace protein

Prostaglandin D₂inhibits TGF-β₁-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in MDCK cells

Cerebrospinal fluid and serum concentrations of beta‐trace protein during pregnancy

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Highly elevated levels of prostaglandin D synthase in the serum of patients with renal failure

Cited by 77 publications

References 21 publications

Serum and urinary markers of early impairment of GFR in chronic kidney disease patients: diagnostic accuracy of urinary β-trace protein

Serum and urinary markers of early impairment of GFR in chronic kidney disease patients: diagnostic accuracy of urinary β-trace protein

Prostaglandin D2inhibits TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in MDCK cells

Cerebrospinal fluid and serum concentrations of beta‐trace protein during pregnancy

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Prostaglandin D₂inhibits TGF-β₁-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in MDCK cells