Highly Efficient Unpackaged 60 GHz Planar Antenna Array

Abstract

A high gain antenna array is designed and fabricated at 60 GHz. The array is via-less and made on a single dielectric substrate. It can be easily integrated with millimeter wave transceivers. Very good agreement between the measured and simulated results is achieved. The array has 22.5 dBi gain with a maximum efficiency of 93% and a 3.2 % bandwidth. INDEX TERMS High gain antenna array, millimeter-wave antenna array, low profile antenna, planar antenna.

Millimeter-wave planar antenna array augmented with a low-cost 3D printed dielectric polarizer for sensing and internet of things (IoT) applications

“…At higher frequencies, the gain of the antenna is essential to compensate for the path loss; there are several ways and various structures that can be used to achieve high gain performance metric 50 . Reflectors, and lenses are well known for their ability to provide high gain 51 .…”

“…In Ref. 50 we showed that such a printed open microstrip line stub can be used as a radiating element where the radiation from the fringing fields can be utilized. As in Fig.…”

“…Due to the limited space between the antenna array elements, the wide microstrip lines cannot be accommodated, especially in the aggregated configuration. Moreover, very wide microstrip lines can have significant radiation loss 50 . To tackle this issue, the feeding network design procedure in Fig.…”

“…Further detailed analysis of this concept and comparison cases with packaged structures can be found in Refs. 50 , 56 . Figure 3 shows a practical realization of this concept.…”

Low-Cost Circularly Polarized Millimeter-Wave Antenna Using 3D Additive Manufacturing

“…By increasing the number of stubs, a significant electrical aperture area can be obtained and can produce significant directivity in the boresight. Further details about the radiation mechanism can be found in [12]- [15].…”