Highly efficient rechargeable Zn-air batteries based on hybrid CNT-grafted, Co/CoS2-Fe embedded, Nitrogen-doped porous carbon Nano-frameworks

Theoretical Screening of Highly Efficient Single-Atom Catalysts Based on Covalent Triazine Frameworks for Oxygen Reduction

“…8,9 Currently, platinum (Pt) materials have been regarded as the most effective ORR catalysts, but the commercialization of Pt materials has been limited due to their significant scarcity and exorbitant cost. 10−13 Consequently, in order to reduce costs to meet actual demand, several strategies are employed, including alloying, 14−16 hybridizing, 17,18 and downsizing of nanoparticles. 19−21 Especially, downsizing metal nanoparticles to single atoms has been shown to significantly enhance catalytic activity and selectivity for electrochemical reactions.…”

“…With increasing concerns on the global environmental pollution and energy crisis, energy storage and conversion devices such as metal–air batteries and fuel cells have been vigorously developed, − in which improving the sluggish kinetics for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode is crucial to achieve the high efficiency of these devices. , Currently, platinum (Pt) materials have been regarded as the most effective ORR catalysts, but the commercialization of Pt materials has been limited due to their significant scarcity and exorbitant cost. − Consequently, in order to reduce costs to meet actual demand, several strategies are employed, including alloying, − hybridizing, , and downsizing of nanoparticles. − Especially, downsizing metal nanoparticles to single atoms has been shown to significantly enhance catalytic activity and selectivity for electrochemical reactions. , As a result, single-atom catalysts (SACs) have become a highly researched and sought-after topic in the field of electrocatalysis. − However, for metal nanoparticles, their smaller size leads to greater thermodynamic instability and a stronger propensity for aggregation . Therefore, it is considered to use an appropriate carrier to support metal particles to avoid their aggregation.…”

Co Single Atom-FeCo Alloy-Carbon Nanotube Catalysts on Graphene for Lithium–Oxygen and Lithium–Carbon Dioxide Batteries

“…Therefore, developing efficient bifunctional catalysts and well-designed interior structures of the catalysts is crucial for achieving high battery performance. 34−36 Catalysts for LOBs and LCBs can be carbon-based compounds, 37,38 metals, 39,40 and metal oxides. 41 Precious metals such as Pt, Ru, and Ir are recognized as excellent catalysts.…”

“…Catalysts for LOBs and LCBs can be carbon-based compounds, , metals, , and metal oxides . Precious metals such as Pt, Ru, and Ir are recognized as excellent catalysts.…”

CoxNi1−xO-NiCo2O4/rGO synergistic bifunctional electrocatalysts for high-rate rechargeable zinc–air batteries

“…22 However, so far, the stability and performance evaluation of binary oxide catalysts in the charging and discharging of ZABs have been carried out at relatively low current density (#30 mA cm À2 ) [23][24][25] and typically in short charge/discharge time (<60 min). [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Furthermore, recently, we found that the gap between bifunctional catalytic performance from the electrochemical test (polarization) and battery performance at low current densities does not allow for direct judgment and prediction of the ZAB performance in terms of capacity and cycling stability at higher current densities from the existing literature. 35 Moreover, our nding indicates that the loading of mixed CoFe 2 O 4 and CoO on rGO as catalysts for ZAB evaluated at the current density of 100 mA cm À2 for 60 min charge and 60 min discharge per cycle impacts the battery performance.…”