TiO2 anatase, which exhibits the highest catalytic
performance,
transforms to rutile at 800 K. To inhibit the transition of anatase
to rutile, several strategies, such as metal and/or non-metal doping,
oxygen enrichment, and surface coating, have been studied, resulting
in stable anatase within 773–1273 K. However, highly stable
anatase without dopants is still required. Here, a new approach, which
involves the synthesis of anatase nanocatalysts in carbon nanotubes
(CNTs), was proposed to inhibit the anatase-to-rutile transition.
The nanocatalysts exhibited high thermal anatase stability along with
a suppression of the crystal growth up to 1200 K. The highly stable
anatase in CNTs also exhibited high photocatalytic activity, which
was evaluated based on methylene blue decomposition under visible-
and UV-light irradiation. This was attributed to the maintenance of
the small crystal size of the nanocatalysts in addition to a synergetic
effect between the TiO2 nanocatalysts and CNTs.