Highly Efficient Lead(II) Sequestration Using Size-Controllable Polydopamine Microspheres with Superior Application Capability and Rapid Capture

Abstract

In this work, we successfully prepared the musselinspired polydopamine microspheres (PDA-Ms) with controllable sizes, through a facile self-oxidative polymerization method. The prepared PDA-M biomaterial with environmentally benign properties exhibits efficient lead(II) sequestration against high salts of competitive Ca(II), Mg(II), or Na(I) ions. It reveals 30 times greater than the commercial ion-exchanger 001x7 by selectivity evaluation. Kinetic results show that an exceedingly rapid lead(II) uptake can be achieved below 1 min. More attractively, the prepared PDA-Ms further exhibit the distinguished application ability with superior treated capacity of ∼42000 kg contaminated water/kg sorbent, and the effluents can be reduced from 1000 μg/L to below 10 μg/L, reaching the drinking water standard (WHO), which is equal to 200 times greater than commercial ion exchanger resin (∼210 kg) and granular activated carbon (∼120 kg). In addition, the exhaust PDA-M material can be well regenerated and repeated use using binary 1% HCl + 5% Ca(NO 3 ) 2 solution. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), zeta potential, and FT-IR analysis prove that such satisfactory performances can be ascribed to the following aspects (1) the well-dispersed nanoscale morphology and highly charged property will achieve the rapid adsorption and sufficient sorbent utilization. That is, the negatively-charged PDA sphere can exert the famous Donnan membrane effects for target lead(II) enrichment and diffusion enhancement; (2) the strong amine and carbonyl/hydroxyl group within the matrix can offer sorption selectivity for powerful lead(II) capture. Effective performances as well as environmentally friendly features suggest PDA-M material is a promising lead(II)-removing candidate for water remediation.

Highly efficient removal of toxic Pb2+ from wastewater by an alginate–chitosan hybrid adsorbent

“…S1, Supporting material, the adsorption capacity for Pb 2+ increased with the initial concentration from 0.1 to 30 mmol L −1 , and then remained stable as concentration was increased further. Thus, the maximum adsorption capacity of Alg‐Chi for Pb 2+ was calculated as 468.5 mg g −1 , which is higher than that of most reported sorbents for Pb 2+ (Table ) …”

“…Thus, the maximum adsorption capacity of Alg-Chi for Pb 2+ was calculated as 468.5 mg g −1 , which is higher than that of most reported sorbents for Pb 2+ (Table 4). [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]15,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] In order to determine the Alg-Chi adsorption capacity for Pb 2+ at its drinking water maximum contaminant limit (MCL: 20 μg L −1 ), we further recorded the adsorption data of Pb 2+ residual concentration between 0 and 220 μg L −1 . Meanwhile, Langmuir [Q e = Q m K L C e /(1 + K L C e )] and Freundlich [Q e = K F C e 1/n ] models wileyonlinelibrary.com/jctb were fitted to these experimental data as shown in Fig.…”

“…It can enter the human body through the food chain and respiratory system, causing an inadequate supply of nutrients and oxygen, thus resulting in brain tissue damage. Children in the growth and development stage are more sensitive to lead than adults, and excessive lead in their bodies will lead to developmental delay, loss of appetite, hearing disorders, etc . Therefore, developing a green and efficient adsorbent for the removal of Pb 2+ in water is of great significance.…”

“…Children in the growth and development stage are more sensitive to lead than adults, and excessive lead in their bodies will lead to developmental delay, loss of appetite, hearing disorders, etc. [1][2][3][4] Therefore, developing a green and efficient adsorbent for the removal of Pb 2+ in water is of great significance.…”

Facile and Efficient Fabrication of Bandgap Tunable Carbon Quantum Dots Derived From Anthracite and Their Photoluminescence Properties

“…The chemical structures at the surface of the as-prepared CQDs were further investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The XPS survey spectra of CQDs (Figure 5A) show that the as-prepared CQDs primarily consist of carbon and oxygen (Zhang Q. et al, 2017(Zhang Q. et al, , 2019Zeng et al, 2020). It can be seen that the oxygen content gradually increases from 34.4 to 42.6% with the increasing of the H 2 O 2 concentration in Table 1, indicating the higher the concentration of H 2 O 2 , the stronger the oxidation ability, due to the increase of the number of·OH radical.…”