Highly efficient graphene-based Cu(In, Ga)Se<sub>2</sub> solar cells with large active area

Yin, Ling; Zhang, Kang; Luo, Hailin; Cheng, Guanming; Ma, Xuhang; Xiong, Zhiyu; Xiao, Xudong

doi:10.1039/c4nr02988g

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…384 The boron-doped graphene has better conductivity and a higher work function, resulting in a PCE of 7.86%. 387 Compared with the CIGS solar cells with AZO electrodes, the devices with graphene electrodes showed a decreased reflectance and enhanced quantum efficiency in the near infrared region. 385 In 2012, they further improved the performance of CdS/CdTe solar cells by using Cu NWs-doped graphene as transparent electrodes and showed a maximum PCE of 12.1% and good thermal stability.…”

Section: Quantum Dot-sensitized Solar Cells and Other Inorganic Solarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized graphene and other two-dimensional materials for photovoltaic devices: device design and processing

2015

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Graphene is the thinnest two-dimensional (2D) carbon material and has many advantages including high carrier mobilities and conductivity, high optical transparency, excellent mechanical flexibility and chemical stability, which make graphene an ideal material for various optoelectronic devices. The major applications of graphene in photovoltaic devices are for transparent electrodes and charge transport layers. Several other 2D materials have also shown advantages in charge transport and light absorption over traditional semiconductor materials used in photovoltaic devices. Great achievements in the applications of 2D materials in photovoltaic devices have been reported, yet numerous challenges still remain. For practical applications, the device performance should be further improved by optimizing the 2D material synthesis, film transfer, surface functionalization and chemical/physical doping processes. In this review, we will focus on the recent advances in the applications of graphene and other 2D materials in various photovoltaic devices, including organic solar cells, Schottky junction solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, quantum dot-sensitized solar cells, other inorganic solar cells, and perovskite solar cells, in terms of the functionalization techniques of the materials, the device design and the device performance. Finally, conclusions and an outlook for the future development of this field will be addressed.

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Section: Quantum Dot-sensitized Solar Cells and Other Inorganic Solarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized graphene and other two-dimensional materials for photovoltaic devices: device design and processing

2015

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“…Similar to the CdTe system, graphene was first considered as an alternative front contact. Yin et al [ 48 ] first reported an effort of replacing AZO with graphene or graphene/PMMA composite. Their results showed that the direct contact between graphene and i-ZnO was poor due to surface damage during PMMA removal, which also affects carrier collection through evaporated metal grids.…”

Section: Research Progress Of Graphene-composited Thin Film Solar mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their results showed that the direct contact between graphene and i-ZnO was poor due to surface damage during PMMA removal, which also affects carrier collection through evaporated metal grids. Thus, they optimized the fabrication process, as shown in Figure 5 [ 48 ]. In this study, all possible CIGS solar cells have been described and the graphene has been incorporated at step-4 in all of the processes, except for standard process.…”

Section: Research Progress Of Graphene-composited Thin Film Solar mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Graphene on the Fabrication of Thin Film Solar Cells: Current Status and Future Prospects

Shi

Jayatissa

2017

Materials

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Commercial solar cells have a power conversion efficiency (PCE) in the range of 10–22% with different light absorbers. Graphene, with demonstrated unique structural, physical, and electrical properties, is expected to bring the positive effects on the development of thin film solar cells. Investigations have been carried out to understand whether graphene can be used as a front and back contacts and active interfacial layer in solar cell fabrication. In this review, the current progress of this research is analyzed, starting from the graphene and graphene-based Schottky diode. Also, the discussion was focused on the progress of graphene-incorporated thin film solar cells that were fabricated with different light absorbers, in particular, the synthesis, fabrication, and characterization of devices. The effect of doping and layer thickness of graphene on PCE was also included. Currently, the PCE of graphene-incorporated bulk-heterojunction devices have enhanced in the range of 0.5–3%. However, device durability and cost-effectiveness are also the challenging factors for commercial production of graphene-incorporated solar cells. In addition to the application of graphene, graphene oxides have been also used in perovskite solar cells. The current needs and likely future investigations for graphene-incorporated solar cells are also discussed.

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“…Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) thin-films solar cells are made of the compounds of chalcopyrite-type ternary, i.e., CuInS2, CuInSe2 (CIS) and CuGaSe2 (CGS), with the bandgaps of 1.5 eV, 1.0 eV and 1.7 eV, respectively [1]. The idea then came up to make a multi-alloy layer of Cu (In, Ga)(Se, S)2 belongs to the I-III-VI2 family, which together forms a CIGS absorber layer with a tunable bandgap of around 1.3-1.55 eV depending on the composition of Ga or In [2,3]. The energy conversion efficiency of over 23% has been reported for a lab-scale CIGS cell by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISCAS) [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Characterization of CIGS Thin Film Solar Cells by Two and Four-Wires Probe Technique

Mosavi¹,

Beszedes²,

Felde³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The characterization of thin-film solar cells is of huge importance for obtaining high opencircuit voltage and low recombination rates from the interfaces or within the bulk of the main materials. Among the many electrical characterization techniques, the two-and fourwire probe using the Cascade instrument is of interest since the resistance of the wires, and the electrical contacts can be excluded by the additional two wires in 4-wire probe configuration. In this paper, both two and four-point probes configuration are employed to characterize the CIGS chalcogenide thin-film solar cells. The two-wire probe has been used to measure the current-voltage characteristics of the cell which results in a huge internal resistance. Therefore, the four-wire connection are also used to eliminate the lead resistance to enhance the characterization's accuracy. The load resistance in the two-wire probe diminishes the photogenerated current density at smaller voltage ranges. In contrast, the proposed four-wire probe collects more current at higher voltages due to enhanced carrier collection efficiency from contact electrodes. The current conduction mechanism is also identified at every voltage region represented by the value of the ideality factor of that voltage region. It is observed that a longer time given to the charge collection results in increased current density at a higher voltage. According to the results and device characteristics, a novel double-diode model is suggested to extract the saturation current density, shunt and series resistances and the ideality factor of the cells. These cells are shown to be efficient in terms of low recombination at the interfaces and with lower series resistance as the quality of the materials is in its most possible conductive form. The measured internal resistance and saturation current density and ideality factor of the two measurement configuration are measured and compared.

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Highly efficient graphene-based Cu(In, Ga)Se₂ solar cells with large active area

Cited by 36 publications

References 30 publications

Functionalized graphene and other two-dimensional materials for photovoltaic devices: device design and processing

Functionalized graphene and other two-dimensional materials for photovoltaic devices: device design and processing

The Impact of Graphene on the Fabrication of Thin Film Solar Cells: Current Status and Future Prospects

Electrical Characterization of CIGS Thin Film Solar Cells by Two and Four-Wires Probe Technique

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Highly efficient graphene-based Cu(In, Ga)Se2 solar cells with large active area

Cited by 36 publications

References 30 publications

Functionalized graphene and other two-dimensional materials for photovoltaic devices: device design and processing

Functionalized graphene and other two-dimensional materials for photovoltaic devices: device design and processing

The Impact of Graphene on the Fabrication of Thin Film Solar Cells: Current Status and Future Prospects

Electrical Characterization of CIGS Thin Film Solar Cells by Two and Four-Wires Probe Technique

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Highly efficient graphene-based Cu(In, Ga)Se₂ solar cells with large active area