Highly efficient and perfectly vertical chip-to-fiber dual-layer grating coupler

Dai, Ming; Ma, Leilei; Xu, Yin; Lu, Minghui; Li, Xiaoping; Chen, Yanfeng

doi:10.1364/oe.23.001691

Cited by 72 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Integration of light sources, VCSEL and/or fiber need coupling optics due to the divergence of light [5][6][7]. With an aid of emerging wafer-level and stacked planer optics [39,40], coupling optics can be integrated with active or passive self-alignment techniques including flip chip (controlled collapse chip connection) bonding [3,4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1. An external light source(s), e.g., a VCSEL, and potentially with an integrated micro lens array [5][6][7], is discretely integrated into a planar waveguide having dimensions of (w) x (h), for example by flip chip bonding [3]. The mirror-based coupler (height: T) directs the light from the source to the waveguides which are a distance d apart.…”

Section: Device Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While such complete integration is the most ideal embodiment, an out-of-plane optical coupler is a viable solution for semi-integrated optical interconnects for which external light sources are employed. It provides a low cost yet moderately dense optical interconnect by leveraging flip-chip mounting technology [3,4] which enables discrete integration of light sources and detectors to a planar photonic circuit, for example, coupling of light between Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs), waveguides, and photodiodes via micro lenses [5,6] and optical interfaces such as OptoBump [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such out-of-plane coupling at a 90 degree angle, has been demonstrated by using diffraction gratings [6,7], evanescent couplers [8], and embedded mirrors [9][10][11]. Diffraction gratings are designed for specific wavelengths, thus fabrication tolerance is tight in general, though they have high coupling efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Fast fabrication of polymer out-of-plane optical coupler by gray-scale lithography

Summitt¹,

Wang²,

Namnabat³

et al. 2017

Opt. Express

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Abstract:We report a fabrication process of a polymer, and mirror-based out-of-plane optical coupler. In the process, a pre-formed mirror blank made of a buffer coat material is reexposed by a laser direct writing tool with low numerical aperture of 0.1. The fabrication process is inherently fast because of the low numerical aperture (NA) process. The surface figure of the mirror is controlled under 0.04 waves in root-mean-square (RMS) at 1.55 μm wavelength, with mirror angle of 45 ± 1 degrees. Nominal insertion loss of 8.5dB of the mirror-based coupler was confirmed with polymer waveguides fabricated simultaneously.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Device Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Fast fabrication of polymer out-of-plane optical coupler by gray-scale lithography

Summitt¹,

Wang²,

Namnabat³

et al. 2017

Opt. Express

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is based on scattering matrix model which was previously applied to design a grating-coupled laser resonator [9]. In our case it assumes a 3-port vertical grating coupler, meaning it was designed to allow only negligible light transmission into the substrate [2,6,10,11]. A schematic drawing of the device is presented in Fig.1.…”

Section: S-matrix Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

S-matrix absolute optimization method for a perfect vertical waveguide grating coupler

Demeter-Finzi

Ruschin

2019

Opt. Express

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Vertical coupling using a diffraction grating is a convenient way to couple light into an optical waveguide. Several optimization approaches have been suggested in order to design such a coupler; however, most of them are implemented using algorithm-based modelling. In this paper, we suggest an intuitive method based on S-matrix formalism for analytically optimize 3-port vertical grating coupler devices. The suggested method is general and can be applied to any 3port coupler device in order to achieve an optimal design based on user constrains. The simplicity of the model allows reduction of the optimization to two variables and the location of an absolute optimal operation point in a 2D contour map. Accordingly, in an ideal device near 100% coupling efficiency and insignificant return loss could be achieved. Our model results show good agreement with numerical FDTD simulations and can predict the general tendencies and sensitivities of the device's behavior to changes in design parameters. We further apply our model to a previously reported high contrast uni-directional grating coupler device and show that additional improvement in the coupling efficiency is achievable for that layout.

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Metasurface‐Based Fiber‐to‐Chip Multiplexing Coupler

Chen

Chang

Zhuang

et al. 2023

Advanced Optical Materials

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Here, a metasurface‐based fiber‐to‐chip multiplexing coupler is presented that can realize flexible mode conversion and multiplexing coupling between few‐mode fibers and on‐chip single‐mode waveguides. The proposed approach makes use of the symmetrical characteristics of fiber eigenmodes and high freedom of light phase manipulation to obtain the functional phase distribution of metasurfaces. The use of cylindrical nanopillar as metasurface nanostructures ensures its polarization independent optical response. Several fiber‐to‐chip multiplexing couplers are demonstrated by using the angular spectrum methods and the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) simulations. It is found that the two or three modes can be flexibly demultiplexed and then be coupled into the corresponding on‐chip waveguides with low crosstalk. Further, two possible fabrication schemes for multiplexing couplers are proposed and then the related fabrication tolerances and misalignment effects are evaluated and discussed. Compared with traditional on‐chip couplers, metasurface‐based couplers have advantages of ultracompact footprint and low crosstalk. Such study explores the application of metasurfaces in multiplexing coupling between few‐mode fiber and on‐chip single‐mode waveguides, which is expected to break through the bottleneck of current mode‐division multiplexing technologies in optical interconnection and meet the ever‐increasing demand for large data throughput of the photonic integrated chips.

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Highly efficient and perfectly vertical chip-to-fiber dual-layer grating coupler

Cited by 72 publications

References 27 publications

Fast fabrication of polymer out-of-plane optical coupler by gray-scale lithography

Fast fabrication of polymer out-of-plane optical coupler by gray-scale lithography

S-matrix absolute optimization method for a perfect vertical waveguide grating coupler

Metasurface‐Based Fiber‐to‐Chip Multiplexing Coupler

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