Highly Efficient and Industrially Feasible Interdigitated Back‐Contact Perovskite Solar Cells with Front Carrier Transport Layers Selected Using 2D Simulation

Abstract

Interdigitated back‐contact (IBC) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have great potential for highly efficient and low‐cost solar energy conversion. However, their full potential has not been achieved. In particular, there is no practically available front surface and rear contact design for IBC‐PSCs as for the conventional crystalline silicon IBCs, which propose challenges in realizing high efficiency. Herein, innovative quasi‐interdigitated back‐contact (QIBC) PSC designs that enhance the effective lateral transport of carriers are proposed and therefore a realistic wide pitch for back contacting in the range of hundreds of micrometers is allowed. The novel design features implementing an appropriate conductive and well‐passivated carrier transport layer, referred to as a front‐carrier transport layer (FCTL), on the front surface of the QIBC‐PSC. Technology computer‐aided design optical/device simulations are used to investigate the function of the FCTL in increasing the cell performance and achieve 23.23% of power conversion efficiency (PCE) after FCTL design optimizations for a QIBC‐PSC with a rear contact pitch of 200 μm. Further improvement of the PCE over 25% can be potentially achievable by improving the film and passivation quality. This work opens up a new approach to fabricate realistic highly efficient IBC‐PSCs.

Design of Efficient Inverted NiOX‐Based Three‐Terminal Back‐Contact All Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

“…[18] Comparing with the traditional sandwich-type planar perovskite solar cell, where the width of the carrier transport layers matches that of the middle perovskite absorber layer, the width of finger electrodes in BC structure significantly impact device performance. [35] Following previous re-ports, the width of the finger electrode was set at 0.5 μm in this work, [16,35,36] and the width of the TiO 2 ETL was set at 1 μm. The J-V curves of bottom cell were obtained, as shown in Figure 1d.…”

All-Back-Contact Perovskite Solar Cells Using Cracked Film Lithography

“…Alternatively, Li et al proposed incorporating a front-carrier transport layer to enhance the effective lateral transport of carriers, and their model predicted >25% PCE is possible with a rear contact pitch of 200 μm. 46 Optically, we could incorporate a metallic reflector bottom contact and antireflection coatings above the perovskite to increase photocarrier generation. We believe the ABC architecture is capable of >25% PCE to match or exceed planar devices, as predicted by these numerical studies.…”

“…Reducing the long distance over the ETL and HTL through smaller crack spacing would also have similar benefits to performance. Alternatively, Li et al proposed incorporating a front-carrier transport layer to enhance the effective lateral transport of carriers, and their model predicted >25% PCE is possible with a rear contact pitch of 200 μm . Optically, we could incorporate a metallic reflector bottom contact and antireflection coatings above the perovskite to increase photocarrier generation.…”