Highly Efficient and Broadband Wide-Angle Holography Using Patch-Dipole Nanoantenna Reflectarrays

Abstract

We demonstrate wide-angle, broadband and efficient reflection holography by utilizing coupled dipolepatch nano-antenna cells to impose an arbitrary phase profile on of the reflected light. High fidelity images were projected at angles of 45 0 and 20 0 with respect to the impinging light with efficiencies ranging between 40%-50% over an optical bandwidth exceeding 180nm. Excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions was found at a wide spectral range. The demonstration of such reflectarrays opens new avenues towards expanding the limits of large angle holography.

Polarization State Manipulation of Electromagnetic Waves with Metamaterials and Its Applications in Nanophotonics

“…Metamaterials composed of subwavelength structures allow for the use of efective medium approach to describe their electromagnetic waves response in phase and amplitude sensitive to both shape and orientation of the structures. With this character, holograms which manifest itself as reconstructing predesigned images have been advanced dramatically by using metamaterial devices [71][72][73][74][75][76][77]. These days, polarization-switchable holograms that can separate the readout electromagnetic waves by its polarization to reconstruct diferent holographic images, lead to various applications such as image processing and multilevel optical switching.…”

Metasurfaces-based holography and beam shaping: engineering the phase profile of light

“…This is especially true if the mask is required to generate a complex pattern and not a simple functionality such as a beam deflector or lens whose phase pattern can be found analytically [5, 8-14, 22, 33]. As mentioned in the introduction, the most commonly employed approach for optimizing the phase mask is the GS algorithm [3,4] which has proven to provide highly effective designs exhibiting efficiencies that exceed 80% [23][24][25][26].…”

“…Clearly, the choices of grid shape and resolution, and the number of quantization level have significant impact on the hologram efficiency, bandwidth, and fidelity [18,23,25,34]. This point is further elaborated in Section 4 which deals with the limitations of metasurfaces-based holography.…”

“…The ability of metasurfaces to provide high-resolution control over the phase profile of optical beam, render them very attractive for many applications but in particular for holography and beam shaping [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Indeed, studies on metasurfaces-based holography and beam shaping (primarily at mid and far IR) begun emerging more than a decade ago [11,12,31] where recent studies utilizing metallic and dielectric nano-structure demonstrated devices for short-IR and visible [5,20].…”

High efficiency near diffraction-limited mid-infrared flat lenses based on metasurface reflectarrays

“…For example, reflectarrays with H-shaped antennas were designed for converting propagating microwaves to surface waves and patch antennas were designed to demonstrate anomalous reflection in the near-IR [9][10][11]. Reflectarray metasurfaces have also been designed for focusing in the visible [12] and the near-IR [3,13], wide-angle holography in the near-IR [14], and polarization-dependent beam steering in the mid-IR [15] and the terahertz spectral range [16].…”