Highly efficient air-stable colloidal quantum dot solar cells by improved surface trap passivation

Azmi, Randi; Sinaga, Septy; Aqoma, Havid; Seo, Gabsoek; Ahn, Tae Kyu; Park, Minsuk; Ju, Sang Yong; Lee, Jinwon; Kim, Tae Wook; Oh, Seung Hwan; Jang, Sung‐Yeon

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.06.040

Cited by 70 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Moreover, diffusion length can be calculated from mobility and carrier lifetime. For PbAc‐PbS QD films, the diffusion length is calculated to be 95.1 nm, while the diffusion length of PbO‐PbS QD films is 61.3 nm, which is consistent with previously reported results …”

Section: Photovoltaic Parameters Of the Pbo‐pbs And Devices Statistisupporting

confidence: 91%

In Situ Passivation for Efficient PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells by Precursor Engineering

et al. 2018

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Current efforts on lead sulfide quantum dot (PbS QD) solar cells are mostly paid to the device architecture engineering and postsynthetic surface modification, while very rare work regarding the optimization of PbS synthesis is reported. Here, PbS QDs are successfully synthesized using PbO and PbAc · 3H O as the lead sources. QD solar cells based on PbAc-PbS have demonstrated a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.82% (and independently certificated values of 10.62%), which is significantly higher than the PCE of 9.39% for PbO-PbS QD based ones. For the first time, systematic investigations are carried out on the effect of lead precursor engineering on the device performance. It is revealed that acetate can act as an efficient capping ligands together with oleic acid, providing better surface coverage and replace some of the harmful hydroxyl (OH) ligands during the synthesis. Then the acetate on the surface can be exchanged by iodide and lead to desired passivation. This work demonstrates that the precursor engineering has great potential in performance improvement. It is also pointed out that the initial synthesis is an often neglected but critical stage and has abundant room for optimization to further improve the quality of the resultant QDs, leading to breakthrough efficiency.

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Section: Photovoltaic Parameters Of the Pbo‐pbs And Devices Statistisupporting

confidence: 91%

In Situ Passivation for Efficient PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells by Precursor Engineering

et al. 2018

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“…With this alignment, electrons flow from the EDT-capped layers to the iodide-capped layers resulting in favorable band bending forming an electron blocking layer to prevent electron recombination at the rear metal contact. Using the same configuration, other research groups have obtained similar results using other ligand combinations with functionalities like PbI 2 and MPA [144], 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (EMII) and EDT [178,187,188] and 1-propyl-2,3-dimethyl-imidazolium iodide (PDMII) and 1,3-propane dithiol (PDT) [183,184]. Using PbI 2 and mercaptopropionic (MPA) ligands, Crisp et al [144] reported solar cells with thickness optimized at over 500 nm, almost double the thickness of other record-setting devices, due to favorable band alignments between the layers on the cell and improved surface passivation of PbI 2 over other halide treatments.…”

Section: Quantum Dot Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The QD absorber layer thickness in such a case is limited to the sum of the depletion width and diffusion length, which ensures that the charge carrier formed farthest away from the heterojunction can diffuse until it reaches the space charge region and then be transported to the other side of the junction by the electric field. In the following years, this depleted heterojunction QDSC configuration has undergone several modifications leading to solar cell PCE exceeding 10% [181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195][196][197]. The following paragraphs will detail the development of high-efficiency heterojunction QDSCs.…”

Section: Quantum Dot Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Dot Solar Cells: Small Beginnings Have Large Impacts

2018

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From a niche field over 30 years ago, quantum dots (QDs) have developed into viable materials for many commercial optoelectronic devices. We discuss the advancements in Pb-based QD solar cells (QDSCs) from a viewpoint of the pathways an excited state can take when relaxing back to the ground state. Systematically understanding the fundamental processes occurring in QDs has led to improvements in solar cell efficiency from ~3% to over 13% in 8 years. We compile data from ~200 articles reporting functioning QDSCs to give an overview of the current limitations in the technology. We find that the open circuit voltage limits the device efficiency and propose some strategies for overcoming this limitation.

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“…More effective trap state passivation with 1-propyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium iodide was recently demonstrated by Azmi et al wherein the PbS NC thin films exhibited a PCE of 10.89% that was maintained at 90% after 210 days of air storage. 298 …”

Section: Semiconductor Nanocrystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Many “Facets” of Halide Ions in the Chemistry of Colloidal Inorganic Nanocrystals

2018

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Over the years, scientists have identified various synthetic “handles” while developing wet chemical protocols for achieving a high level of shape and compositional complexity in colloidal nanomaterials. Halide ions have emerged as one such handle which serve as important surface active species that regulate nanocrystal (NC) growth and concomitant physicochemical properties. Halide ions affect the NC growth kinetics through several means, including selective binding on crystal facets, complexation with the precursors, and oxidative etching. On the other hand, their presence on the surfaces of semiconducting NCs stimulates interesting changes in the intrinsic electronic structure and interparticle communication in the NC solids eventually assembled from them. Then again, halide ions also induce optoelectronic tunability in NCs where they form part of the core, through sheer composition variation. In this review, we describe these roles of halide ions in the growth of nanostructures and the physical changes introduced by them and thereafter demonstrate the commonality of these effects across different classes of nanomaterials.

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Highly efficient air-stable colloidal quantum dot solar cells by improved surface trap passivation

Cited by 70 publications

References 33 publications

In Situ Passivation for Efficient PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells by Precursor Engineering

In Situ Passivation for Efficient PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells by Precursor Engineering

Quantum Dot Solar Cells: Small Beginnings Have Large Impacts

The Many “Facets” of Halide Ions in the Chemistry of Colloidal Inorganic Nanocrystals

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