Highly Effective Degradation of Nitrophenols by Biometal Nanoparticles Synthesized using Caulis Spatholobi Extract

Abstract

The green biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles (MNPs) has been proved to have many advantages over other methods due to its simplicity, large-scale production, ecofriendly approach, and high catalytic efficiency. This work describes a single-step technique for green synthesis of colloidal silver (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using the extract from Caulis Spatholobi stems. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy measurements were used to optimize the main synthesis factors, including metal ion concentration, reaction time, and reaction temperature via surface plasmon resonance phenomenon. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed the possible functional groups responsible for reducing and stabilizing the synthesized MNPs. The powder X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the biosynthesized MNPs. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy revealed the spherical shape of MNPs with an average size of 10-20 nm. The obtained MNPs also exhibited the enhanced catalytic activity in the reduction of 2-nitrophenol and 3-nitrophenol.

Efficient and fast degradation of 4-nitrophenol and detection of Fe(III) ions by Poria cocos extract stabilized silver nanoparticles

“…The crystal structure nature of the synthesized samples was verified by the powder XRD measurement. It was found that the PC-AgNPs sample gave a typical XRD pattern for plant-mediated AgNPs, as reported in numerous studies (Doan et al, 2020a;Hashemi et al, 2020;Kumar et al, 2017;Le et al, 2021b). The XRD pattern (Fig.…”

“…2a). The reason for this phenomenon is that the TEM analysis provided the size of bare AgNPs crystals, while the DLS technology measured the hydrodynamic diameter of PC-AgNPs, including the solvated ion and organic layers (Le et al, 2021b).…”

“…Nitrophenols (NPs), a common type of nitroaromatics, are classified as extremely toxic to all aquatic life, animals, and humans because of their non-biodegradability, carcinogenicity, bioaccumulation, and high solubility and stability in water (Karimi-Maleh et al, 2020b;Mahmoud et al, 2020). However, they can be reduced into harmless aminophenols (APs) compounds, which are potential intermediates for producing several important pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agrochemicals, dyes, and polymers using a favoured water-soluble reductant sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) and suitable catalyst (Le et al, 2021b). The high surface area and excellent electrical conductivity of AgNPs make them an effective catalyst for this reduction process, in which it acts as an intermediate substance to transfer electrons from BH 4 − to NPs molecules when both of the species are absorbed on the catalyst surface (Zhang et al, 2019).…”

“…Furthermore, biomolecules present in plants can serve as both reducing agents and stabilizers simultaneously, while chemical methods need distinctive reducing and stabilizing agents. Several plants have been successfully utilized to synthesize AgNPs with diverse sizes and shapes such as Basella alba (Mani et al, 2021), Caulis Spatholobi (Le et al, 2021b), Codonopsis pilosula (Doan et al, 2020a), Limnophila rugosa (Le et al, 2021a), Eriobotrya japonica (thunb.) (Yu et al, 2019), Holoptelea integrifolia (Kumar et al, 2019), and so on.…”

Novel biogenic silver and gold nanoparticles for multifunctional applications: Green synthesis, catalytic and antibacterial activity, and colorimetric detection of Fe(III) ions

“…In particular, noble metal nanoparticles (MNPs) such as silver (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have recently received great attention from the scientific world owing to their attractive features of excellent catalytic and antimicrobial activities, biocompatibility, high photo-electrochemical activity, chemical inertness, and simple synthesis (Saravanan et al, 2021). With these distinctive properties, MNPs have become useful in many fields such as medicine, agriculture, electronics, bioengineering, catalysis, biosensors, water treatment, and controlling microorganism development (Le et al, 2021b;Saravanan et al, 2021).…”