Highly dispersed anodes for solid oxide fuel cells using NiO/YSZ/BZY triple-phase composite powders prepared by spray pyrolysis

High power density cell using nanostructured Sr-doped SmCoO3 and Sm-doped CeO2 composite powder synthesized by spray pyrolysis

“…In the cathode sintering process, the grains of SSC and SDC grew and constructed a porous structure in the particles, resulting in fine network structure with the small grain size. The similar results were observed in previous studies [15,16,18]. These phenomena are due to the unique nano-composite powder structure controlled by spray pyrolysis.…”

“…A key to successfully synthesize nano-composite powder by spray pyrolysis is to select the target elements as few as possible. This realizes easy control of simultaneous synthesis in a sprayed starting solution for obtaining nano-composite powder [18]. In the case of SSC-SDC, it consists of only four metal elements, namely, Sm, Sr, Co, and Ce, suggesting that spray pyrolysis is suitable for obtaining SSC-SDC nano-composite powder.…”

“…Spray pyrolysis can produce fine particles consisting of nano-to submicronsize fragments that are highly distributed within each particle. Many researchers have utilized spray pyrolysis to prepare powders for composite electrodes of SOFCs, and have reported that the powders realized electrodes with fine microstructure [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Fukui et al [13] reported successful synthesis of Sr-doped LaMnO3 (LSM)-Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) powder with the mean particle size of about 1 µm and narrow particle size distribution.…”

Visualization of the structural transformation of NiO/YSZ/BZY nanocomposite particles using in situ gas environmental transmission electron microscopy

“…28 By adding Y-doped BaZrO 3 (BZY) into NiO/YSZ, the cermet anode fabricated using the triple-phase nanocomposite particles of NiO/YSZ/BZY prepared by the spray pyrolysis method exhibited significant performance improvements. 29 This study aimed to investigate the in situ structural transformations of spherical NiO/YSZ/BZY triple-phase nanocomposite particles, which are commonly used for cermet anodes, during the hydrogen reduction reaction. To achieve this objective, we employed gas environmental transmission electron microscopy.…”

Nickel Stabilized Zirconia for SOFCs: Synthesis and Characterization

“…The formation of the tetragonal solid solution of NiO-ZrO 2 is believed to be due to the smallness of the grains, hence, the enhanced surface reactivity and diffusion of the ato ms at the surfaces [13][14]. In general, stabilization of the tetragonal/cubic phase of ZrO 2 has been found to be dependent on many parameters such as ionic size of the dopant, valence, and electronegativity [15].…”