Highly Crystalline WO₃ Nanoparticles Are Nontoxic to Stem Cells and Cancer Cells

Abstract

Tungsten oxide sol, containing highly crystalline nanoparticles of orthorhombic WO3 and having good sedimentation stability, was synthesized using a facile, ultrasonic-assisted technique. An additional steric stabilizer, dextran, was proposed to enhance the stability of WO3 nanoparticles in biological media and to reduce their in vivo toxicity. The cytotoxicity of dextran-stabilized and nonstabilized WO3 sols was studied in vitro using dental pulp stem (DPS) cell lines and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. Both tungsten oxide sols demonstrated low cytotoxicity and low genotoxicity for both stem cells and malignant cells and only slightly reduced their metabolic activity in the concentration range studied (from 0.2 to 200 μg/ml). The data obtained support possible theranostic applications of tungsten oxide colloidal solutions.

Effect of the Morphology of Tungsten Oxide Embedded in Sodium Alginate/Polyvinylpyrrolidone Composite Beads on the Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye Solution

“…The SEM images in Figure 2a,b show the morphology of the synthesized WO 3 nanoparticles as agglomerated or individual nanospheres and nanorods, respectively. It is noticeable from the presented XRD and SEM results that both the morphology and the crystalline structure agree with previous researches [30,31]. After embedding the WO 3 nanoparticles into the blended SA/PVP polymers to obtain SA/PVP/WO 3 nanocomposite beads, the SEM images of the beads were found to be rough and wrinkled ( Figure 2c) with visible pores (Figure 2d).…”

“…The crystal structure of the synthesized WO 3 nanospheres and nanorods was checked by XRD analysis. The XRD patterns of both WO 3 nanoparticles show highly crystalline features and it is close to the literature data of the orthorhombic WO 3 •H 2 O phase [29,30]. The WO 3 nanosphere was in orthorhombic WO 3 •H 2 O phase with space group of Pmnb (62) and lattice parameters of a = 5.2380 Å, b = 10.7040 Å, and c = 5.1200 Å (ICDD Card No.…”

Photochromic and Photocatalytic Properties of Ultra-Small PVP-Stabilized WO3 Nanoparticles

“…Tungsten oxide is a semiconductor material widely used in heterogeneous catalysis [1] and in photo-and electrochromic devices [2]. Tungsten oxide nanoparticles have also been considered a promising nanomaterial for biomedical applications: In recent years, WO 3 -based materials have been used in advanced medical and biological research as antibacterial coatings, biosensors, theranostic materials, and materials for proliferation control [3][4][5][6][7]. The majority of applications of these materials are due to the photochromic effect and the ability to participate in reversible redox reactions due to the W +6 -W +5 transformations.…”

Highly reversible photochromism in composite WO3/nanocellulose films

“…Among the various inorganic nanomaterials, tungsten oxide enjoys special interest, due to its low toxicity and good biocompatibility with human, animal and plant cells (Han et al 2019;Chinde et al 2017). The functional properties of WO 3 -based nanomaterials are determined by numerous factors, including the electronic properties of WO 3 [band gap from 2.7 to 3.1 eV (Thummavichai et al 2017)], the possibility of reversible W(V) $ W(VI) redox reactions, the diverse polymorphism of tungsten trioxide and its ability to form a wide variety of nonstoichiometric compounds (e.g., tungsten bronzes) (Bartha et al 1995;Tahir et al 2017).…”