Highly conductive polymer materials based multi-walled carbon nanotubes as counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

Erten-Ela, Şule; Çoğal, Sadık; Çoğal, Gamze Çelik; Öksüz, Ayşegül Uygun

doi:10.1080/1536383x.2016.1165669

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…PPy, PT, and PEDOT are feasible CP alternatives to fabricate efficient CEs for DSSCs. − PPy CEs synthesized by vapor phase polymerization and regular electropolymerization showed good catalytic behavior. However, the power conversion efficiency of DSSCs with a Pt CE was higher (4.4%), compared to that of vapor and electropolymerized PPy CE (i.e., 3.4% and 3.2%, respectively).…”

Section: Part 1 Applications That Take Advantage Of the Tridimensiona...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conducting Polymers in the Fields of Energy, Environmental Remediation, and Chemical–Chiral Sensors

et al. 2018

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Conducting polymers (CPs), thanks to their unique properties, structures made on-demand, new composite mixtures, and possibility of deposit on a surface by chemical, physical, or electrochemical methodologies, have shown in the last years a renaissance and have been widely used in important fields of chemistry and materials science. Due to the extent of the literature on CPs, this review, after a concise introduction about the interrelationship between electrochemistry and conducting polymers, is focused exclusively on the following applications: energy (energy storage devices and solar cells), use in environmental remediation (anion and cation trapping, electrocatalytic reduction/oxidation of pollutants on CP based electrodes, and adsorption of pollutants) and finally electroanalysis as chemical sensors in solution, gas phase, and chiral molecules. This review is expected to be comprehensive, authoritative, and useful to the chemical community interested in CPs and their applications.

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Section: Part 1 Applications That Take Advantage Of the Tridimensiona...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conducting Polymers in the Fields of Energy, Environmental Remediation, and Chemical–Chiral Sensors

et al. 2018

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“…The MWCNT-OH nanocomposites for all samples wrapped with P3HT showed a decrease in carbon and oxygen contents, whilst the peak for the sulfur content started to appear for all nanocomposites samples. An enhancement in the intensity for all nanocomposite samples, such as P3HT/MWCNT-OH at 72 h, exhibited characteristic peaks of sulfur at 227 eV (S 2s) and 163 eV (S 2p) in addition to C 1s and O 1s peaks, which confirmed the presence of thiophene moieties from P3HT on the MWCNT-OH sidewall [59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Xps Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

The Influence of Reaction Time on Non-Covalent Functionalisation of P3HT/MWCNT Nanocomposites

et al. 2021

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Non-covalent functionalisation of the carbon nanotube (CNT) sidewall through polymer wrapping is the key strategy for improving well-dispersed CNTs without persistent alteration of their electronic properties. In this work, the effect of reaction time on regioregular poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT)-wrapped hydroxylated multi-walled CNT (MWCNT-OH) nanocomposites was investigated. Five different reaction times (24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h) were conducted at room temperature in order to clearly determine the factors that influenced the quality of wrapped MWCNT-OH. Morphological analysis using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopic (FESEM) and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) analysis showed that P3HT successfully wrapped the MWCNT-OH sidewall, evidenced by the changes in the mean diameter size of the nanocomposites. Results obtained from Raman spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) as well as Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) showed a significant effect of the wrapped polymer on the CNT sidewall as the reaction time increased. Overall, the method used during the preparation of P3HT-wrapped MWCNT-OH and the presented results significantly provided a bottom-up approach to determine the effect of different reaction times on polymer wrapping to further expand this material for novel applications, especially chemical sensors.

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“…In [285], multi walled CNTs (MWCNTs) were successfully integrated in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxxythiophene) (PEDOT), polyaniline (PANI) and polythiophene (PTh) using RF-rotating plasma grafting method. The composites were used as counter electrodes in DSSCs showing short-circuit photocurrent densities of 11.19, 10.70 and 8.54 mA/cm 2 for PANI/MWCNTs, PTh/MWCNT and PEDOT/CNTs, respectively.…”

Section: Carbon Nanotubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Functionalization in the Applications of Carbon Materials: An Overview

Speranza

2019

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The carbon-based materials (CbMs) refer to a class of substances in which the carbon atoms can assume different hybridization states (sp 1 , sp 2 , sp 3 ) leading to different allotropic structures -. In these substances, the carbon atoms can form robust covalent bonds with other carbon atoms or with a vast class of metallic and non-metallic elements, giving rise to an enormous number of compounds from small molecules to long chains to solids. This is one of the reasons why the carbon chemistry is at the basis of the organic chemistry and the biochemistry from which life on earth was born. In this context, the surface chemistry assumes a substantial role dictating the physical and chemical properties of the carbon-based materials. Different functionalities are obtained by bonding carbon atoms with heteroatoms (mainly oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur) determining a certain reactivity of the compound which otherwise is rather weak. This holds for classic materials such as the diamond, the graphite, the carbon black and the porous carbon but functionalization is widely applied also to the carbon nanostructures which came at play mainly in the last two decades. As a matter of fact, nowadays, in addition to fabrication of nano and porous structures, the functionalization of CbMs is at the basis of a number of applications as catalysis, energy conversion, sensing, biomedicine, adsorption etc. This work is dedicated to the modification of the surface chemistry reviewing the different approaches also considering the different macro and nano allotropic forms of carbon.C 2019, 5, 84 3 of 45 narrow graphite-like interconnected layers. This leads to a closed pore rigid structure that is chemically inert, hard but brittle [48][49][50].Due to the highly resistant, conductive, and inert network, glassy carbons are utilized in a series of rather different applications. They are utilized as electrodes in solid state batteries and in industrial harsh chemical processes where also high temperatures are involved such as crystallization of CaF2, CdS and ZnS. Glassy carbon can be utilized to manufacture high temperature furnace elements. Due to the chemical inertness, glassy carbons are utilized also in fabrication of protheses. Porous carbon and carbon black are much softer. Generally, in industrial applications important is the extension of the surface which is exposed to the external environment. The porous carbon is characterized by a high specific surface area enhancing the interaction with the external medium. Although it possesses a lower conductivity with respect to glassy carbon, the high porosity and the presence of active sites makes it a good material to fabricate electrodes for applications in electrochemistry [51][52][53] and bioelectrodes for sensing and stimulation [54,55].The same holds for the carbon black mainly utilized as additive in rubbers and polymers to improve their mechanical properties, or as a pigment [56] although new potentialities have been recently envisaged [57].Common to all the forms of carbon which are bri...

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Highly conductive polymer materials based multi-walled carbon nanotubes as counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

Conducting Polymers in the Fields of Energy, Environmental Remediation, and Chemical–Chiral Sensors

Conducting Polymers in the Fields of Energy, Environmental Remediation, and Chemical–Chiral Sensors

The Influence of Reaction Time on Non-Covalent Functionalisation of P3HT/MWCNT Nanocomposites

The Role of Functionalization in the Applications of Carbon Materials: An Overview

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