“…Thus, there are different types of additives and chemical formulation (chemical treatment) used as viscosity reducers, which are cheap and commercially available (Martínez-Palou et al , 2011; Hasan et al , 2010; Gateau et al , 2004; Nesterenko et al , 2014). Therefore, different types of chemical formulation studies by using stabilized water-in-oil emulsions have been reported (Czarnecki and Moran, 2005; Zhang et al , 2016; Nesterenko et al , 2014; Horváth-Szabó et al , 2002; Arla et al , 2007; Sinha et al , 2016; Delgado et al , 2007). In addition, different emulsions and its control are very complex, and can depend on treatment for heavy or extra-heavy crude oil, such as desalting process (Fortuny et al , 2008; Sad et al , 2015), hydrodynamic and homogeneous mixtures conditions (Nešić et al , 1995; Becerra et al , 2000; Gulbrandsen and Kvarekvål, 2007; Hong et al , 2002), dielectric and capacitive effects (Lesaint et al , 2010; Lvovich and Smiechowski, 2009), the chain length effect of the surfactant molecule (Asefi et al , 2009; Zhang and Somasundaran, 2006; Guyot, 2004), critical micelle concentration and the stable coalescence (water cuts) or water media (Domínguez et al , 1997; Bresciani et al , 2010; Zahariev et al , 2016).…”