Highly birefringent elliptical-hole photonic crystal fiber with squeezed hexagonal lattice

Abstract

We propose a novel polarization-maintaining index-guiding photonic crystal fiber (PCF). It is composed of a solid silica core and a cladding with squeezed-hexagonal-lattice elliptical air holes. Using a full-vector finite-element method, we study the modal birefringence of the fundamental modes in such PCFs. Numerical result shows that very high modal birefringence with a magnitude of the order of 10(-2) around 1550 nm has been obtained. Furthermore, large normal dispersion appears over a wide range of wavelengths in both orthogonal polarizations.

A Comparative Study of High Birefringence and Low Confinement Loss Photonic Crystal Fiber Employing Elliptical Air Holes in Fiber Cladding With Tetragonal Lattice

“…The tendency of the birefringent curve in Fig. 8 is the same as those for the elliptical-hole PCFs [5] and squeezed hexagonal lattice PCF [4] with enlarging the lattice pitch along the x-axis as wavelength λ increases in the range of [0.8, 1.6] µm, we get the lower birefringent curves as the pitches Λ x and Λ y increasing. As shown in Fig.…”

“…Compared to the recent results of other approaches to achieve high birefringence and low loss PCFs, such as by adding many elliptical air holes in fiber core [6], by squeezed hexagonal lattice [4], by super-lattice structure PCFs [11], by decreasing stress factor [12], our proposed case A structure possesses both higher birefringence and lower loss in a broad range of wavelengths, and has the merit of ease procedures (all the same size of air holes) of fabrication. Due to the performance of case A structure is superior to those of case B-C, now we focus on the structure of case A with different parameters of Λ x and Λ y to explore high birefringence and low confinement loss of PCF.…”

“…It seems that up to date one of the most promising fabrication methods that can overcome these problems may be the new multi-step process of forming preforms [15]. In additions, PCFs with elliptical holes were experimentally realized in 2004 [16], With the appearance of new methods for fabricating PCFs, such as performs drilling, solgel casting, and tapering [4,16,17], it is possible for us to draw PCFs with our proposed structures.…”

“…One effective way is to replace circular air holes in the cladding with elliptical ones [3]. For the PCFs of this category, high birefringence is achieved when the bulk of the mode energy is in the fiber cladding; thus, the high birefringence is often accompanied with poor energy confinement [4][5][6]. Based on our previous works [7], in this paper, we numerically investigate a novel high-birefringence and low confinement loss index-guiding PCF using the finite element method (FEM).…”

Selectable infiltrating large hollow core photonic band-gap fiber

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Due to their flexible structures, PCFs have been used for a number of fiber-optic devicessuch as optical switches, wavelength converters, high-power fiber lasers, supercontinuum light sources, and gas sensors etc.-that are difficult to achieve using conventional fibers [19][20][21].…”