Highly active Cr(iii) catalysts for the reaction of CO₂ with epoxides

Abstract

This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of [Cr(babhq)OAcF(EtOH)] (OAcF− = CF3CO2−) as well as the application of the complex as the catalyst in the reaction of CO2 with epoxides.

Green polycarbonates prepared by the copolymerization of CO2 with epoxides

“…In terminal epoxides such as propylene oxide, the nucleophilic attack can occur at the methanediyl group of the epoxide ring, which is sterically less hindered compared to the carbon atoms of the epoxide ring in internal epoxides such as cyclohexene oxide. Therefore, higher carbonate yields are observed with PO compared to CHO under the same reaction conditions . In the case of terminal epoxides, it should be also taken into account that the nature of the substituent on the epoxide ring determines the most probable carbon atom on which the nucleophilic attack happens.…”

Cycloaddition of CO 2 and epoxides catalyzed by dicationic ionic liquids mediated metal halide: Influence of the dication on catalytic activity

“…Nevertheless, CO2 is an unreactive molecule and high energy barrier of the noncatalyzed cycloaddition associated with CO2 is necessary for the reaction to occur spontaneously [7,8]. So far, a plethora of catalytic systems for producing cyclic carbonates has been successfully developed in order to reduce the activation energy of the cycloaddition reaction, including metal oxides [9,10], alkali metal salts [11,12], metal-salen complexes [13,14], metal-organic framework (MOF) [15,16], microporous polymer [17], graphitic carbon nitride [18,19] and ionic liquids [20][21][22][23][24].…”

“…In the case of DBU-based dication (entries[13][14][15], the steric hindrance played the leading role in the catalytic activity and 2d with the shortest aliphatic chain bridge showed the best catalytic activity. With the same linkage chain length, the catalytic efficiency decreased in the order of 4b > 4a > 4d > 4c, this was ZnI2 displayed the most efficient activity for further investigation on the coupling reaction.…”

KCC‐1 Supported Cu(II)‐β‐Cyclodextrin Complex as a Reusable Catalyst for the Synthesis of 3‐Aryl‐2‐oxazolidinones from Carbon Dioxide, Epoxide, Anilines

“…Being involved in an old reaction, the mentioned compounds are formed by CO 2 or oxiranes, while the transformationis catalyzed by some organic and inorganic compounds like amines, phosphanes, ionic liquid, transition metal complexes, salen complexes, Polymeric Ionic Liquids (PILs), organotin halides, and organocatalysts . Catalysis has motivated a great deal of research as playing a major rolein this issue …”