Highlights of the mechanistic and therapeutic cachexia and sarcopenia research 2010 to 2012 and their relevance for cardiology

Anker, Markus S.; Haehling, Stephan von; Springer, Jochen; Banach, Maciej; Anker, Stefan D.

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.10.018

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…Consumption of this type of diet increases fat mass and can also result in relatively low muscle mass. In addition, the production of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, which are both induced by obesity, may also be involved in age-related loss of muscle mass [33]. Likewise, our study demonstrated that E24UNA values were significantly and positively correlated with daily total energy intake amounts and obesity indices such as waist circumference, BMI and body weight.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Gender-specific association between urinary sodium excretion and body composition: Analysis of the 2008–2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Gender-specific association between urinary sodium excretion and body composition: Analysis of the 2008–2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

et al. 2015

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“…Detailed recommendations can be found in a consensus statement issued by the European Society of Cardiology (82) . A number of treatment approaches have been pursued for the treatment of muscle wasting and in order to increase muscle strength and exercise capacity in patients with HF (83,84) . No study has so far specifically investigated therapeutic effects in sarcopenic patients with HF, very few have studied cardiac cachexia.…”

Section: Treatment Approaches To Wasting In Heart Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

The wasting continuum in heart failure: from sarcopenia to cachexia

Haehling

2015

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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101

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Conference on 'Nutrition and age-related muscle loss, sarcopenia and cachexia' Symposium 2: Mechanisms for loss of muscle mass, strength and clinical measurement of malnutrition and cachexiaThe wasting continuum in heart failure: from sarcopenia to cachexiaStephan von Haehling Sarcopenia (muscle wasting) and cachexia share some pathophysiological aspects.Sarcopenia affects approximately 20 %, cachexia <10 % of ambulatory patients with heart failure (HF). Whilst sarcopenia means loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that predominantly affects postural rather than non-postural muscles, cachexia means loss of muscle and fat tissue that leads to weight loss. The wasting continuum in HF implies that skeletal muscle is lost earlier than fat tissue and may lead from sarcopenia to cachexia. Both tissues require conservation, and therapies that stop the wasting process have tremendous therapeutic appeal. The present paper reviews the pathophysiology of muscle and fat wasting in HF and discusses potential treatments, including exercise training, appetite stimulants, essential amino acids, growth hormone, testosterone, electrical muscle stimulation, ghrelin and its analogues, ghrelin receptor agonists and myostatin antibodies.

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“…Conversely, a decrease of myocardial mass due to cardiac cachexia was also found to be landmark of underprivileged prognosis. Beyond those 2 cases, a limited knowledge exists concerning eventual changes and dynamics of LVMM in connection with transitory changes in nutritional status due to acute metabolic demands [20] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Transiently Increased Nutritional Risk on a Left Ventricle Myocardial Mass Assessed by Echocardiography

Boban

Laviano

Peršić³

et al. 2016

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background/Aim: Metabolic derangements due to increased nutritional risk lead to catabolism and loss of proteins, muscle tissue and eventually mass of parenchymatous organs. The aim of our study was to assess whether transitory nutritional risk after heart surgery influences on the left ventricle myocardial mass (LVMM), assessed by echocardiography. Methods: Consecutive sample of patients scheduled for cardiovascular rehabilitation, in period 0-3 months after surgery. Nutritional risk screening (NRS) was analyzed using the NRS-2002 tool. Results: Study sample included 330 patients after heart surgery for ischemic 186 (56.4%); valvular 91 (27.6%) and valvular plus ischemic 53 (16.1%) heart disease. Age was 65.5 ± 10.6 (range 23-84) and there were more male patients than female - 240 (72.7%) and 90 (27.3%), respectively. The percentage of unintentional loss of weight was 10.8 ± 3.4%, in range 0-23.81%, whereas NRS-2002 was 4.4 ± 1.1. LVMM was 218.7 ± 65.9 g vs. 252.3 ± 51.7 (p = 0.015); for patients with increased nutritional risk and controls, respectively. There was no significant correlation of LVMM with NRS-2002, while the percentage of unintentional loss of weight displayed only weakly inverse correlation (Rho CC = -0.197; p = 0.007). LVMM also correlated significantly with body mass index (Rho CC = 0.247; p < 0.001) and waist-to-hip ratio (Rho CC = 0.291; p < 0.001). In conclusion, LVMM was found to decrease slightly in the period of increased nutritional risk, following heart surgery. Changes in LVMM are partially consequences of systemic catabolic response, as well as anthropometric changes due to unintentional loss of weight.

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Highlights of the mechanistic and therapeutic cachexia and sarcopenia research 2010 to 2012 and their relevance for cardiology

Cited by 31 publications

References 105 publications

Gender-specific association between urinary sodium excretion and body composition: Analysis of the 2008–2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Gender-specific association between urinary sodium excretion and body composition: Analysis of the 2008–2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

The wasting continuum in heart failure: from sarcopenia to cachexia

Influence of Transiently Increased Nutritional Risk on a Left Ventricle Myocardial Mass Assessed by Echocardiography

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