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Turner, Katherine Mary Elizabeth; Golden, Matthew R.

doi:10.1136/sextrans-2012-050988

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…After screening, 20 articles met the eligibility criteria [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] and were included in the analysis (figure 1). Of these, seven 17-23 articles reported incidence of T2DM in HIV-infected participants, eight 24-31 reported prevalence of T2DM in HIV-infected participants compared with uninfected controls and five 32-36 reported prevalence of T2DM in HIV-infected participants on treatment compared with untreated controls.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus with HIV infection in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2017

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ObjectivesThis systematic review aims to investigate the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with HIV infection in African populations.SettingOnly studies reporting data from Africa were included.ParticipantsA systematic search was conducted using four databases for articles referring to HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy, and T2DM in Africa. Articles were excluded if they reported data on children, animals or type 1 diabetes exclusively.Main outcome measuresIncidence of T2DM and prevalence of T2DM. Risk ratios were generated for pooled data using random effects models. Bias was assessed using an adapted Cochrane Collaboration bias assessment tool.ResultsOf 1056 references that were screened, only 20 were selected for inclusion. Seven reported the incidence of T2DM in patients with HIV infection, eight reported the prevalence of T2DM in HIV-infected versus uninfected individuals and five reported prevalence of T2DM in HIV-treated versus untreated patients. Incidence rates ranged from 4 to 59 per 1000 person years. Meta-analysis showed no significant differences between T2DM prevalence in HIV-infected individuals versus uninfected individuals (risk ratio (RR) =1.61, 95% CI 0.62 to 4.21, p=0.33), or between HIV-treated patients versus untreated patients (RR=1.38, 95% CI 0.66 to 2.87, p=0.39), and heterogeneity was high in both meta-analyses (I2=87% and 52%, respectively).ConclusionsMeta-analysis showed no association between T2DM prevalence and HIV infection or antiretroviral therapy; however, these results are limited by the high heterogeneity of the included studies and moderate-to-high risk of bias, as well as, the small number of studies included. There is a need for well-designed prospective longitudinal studies with larger population sizes to better assess incidence and prevalence of T2DM in African patients with HIV. Furthermore, screening for T2DM using gold standard methods in this population is necessary.Trial registration numberPROSPERO42016038689.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus with HIV infection in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2017

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Alternatives to abstinence: the practice of (un)safe sex in prison

Krienert

Walsh

Lech

2014

Criminal Justice Studies

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Frequency and risk factors for incident and redetectedChlamydia trachomatisinfection in sexually active, young, multi-ethnic women: a community based cohort study

et al. 2014

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ObjectiveTo investigate the frequency and risk factors for incident and redetected Chlamydia trachomatis infection in sexually active, young, multi-ethnic women in the community.DesignCohort study.Setting20 London universities and Further Education colleges.Participants954 sexually experienced women, mean age 21.5 years (range 16–27), 26% from ethnic minorities, who were recruited to the Prevention of Pelvic Infection (POPI) chlamydia screening trial between 2004 and 2006, and returned repeat postal self-taken vaginal swabs 11–32 (median 16) months after recruitment.ResultsThe estimated annual incidence of chlamydia infection among 907 women who tested negative at baseline was 3.4 per 100 person-years (95% CI 2.5 to 4.6 per 100 person-years), but 6.6 per 100 person-years (95% CI 4.5 to 9.3 per 100 person-years) in the 326 teenagers (<20 years). Predictors of incident chlamydia infection were age <20 years (relative risk (RR) 4.0, 95% CI 2.1 to 7.5), and (after adjusting for age) a new sexual partner during 12 months follow-up (RR 4.4, 95% CI 2.0 to 9.9), smoking (RR 2.2 95% CI 1.2 to 3.9), concurrent bacterial vaginosis (RR 2.0 95% CI 1.1 to 3.9) and high risk carcinogenic human papillomavirus (RR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.3). Of 47 women positive for chlamydia at baseline, 12 (25.5%, 95% CI 13.9% to 40.3%) had redetected infection at a median of 16 months follow-up. Taking into account follow-up time (65 person-years), the annual redetection rate was 18.5 per 100 person-years (95% CI 9.9 to 30.0 per 100 person-years).ConclusionsOne in four women with chlamydia infection at baseline retested positive, supporting recent recommendations to routinely retest chlamydia positives.

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Highlights from this issue

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus with HIV infection in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus with HIV infection in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Alternatives to abstinence: the practice of (un)safe sex in prison

Frequency and risk factors for incident and redetectedChlamydia trachomatisinfection in sexually active, young, multi-ethnic women: a community based cohort study

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