Highland barley starch (Qingke): Structures, properties, modifications, and applications

Obadi, Mohammed; Qi, Yajing; Xu, Bin

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.204

Cited by 54 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The low turbidity values of the Zagros acorn starches can be explained by their high solubility index and low amylose content. [ 38,58 ] Although the SP and SI index of UAE‐B/C and LAE samples seems to have similar, the turbidity of UAE‐B and UAE‐C was significantly higher than other samples. It can be referred to the presence of more impurities in this sample.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Starch Isolation Method on Morphological and Physicochemical Properties of Zagros Oak (Quercus brantii var. Persica) Starch

et al. 2022

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This study aimes to compare the physicochemical and functional properties of Zagros acorn (Quercus brantii) starches isolated by various methods: wet‐milling (acid‐concentration: 1800, 2000, and 2200 ppm; WME‐A, WME‐B, and WME‐C), enzyme‐assisted (2, 4, and 6 h; EAE‐A, EAE‐B, and EAE‐C), freeze‐thaw (UAE‐A), ultrasound‐assisted (15 and 30 min: UAE‐B and UAE‐C), and lactic acid‐assisted (24, 32, and 48 h: LAE‐A, LAE‐B, and LAE‐C). The extracted starch is tannins‐free and forms a paste with low turbidity (1.35% (WME‐A/B) to 1.92% (UAE‐C) and acceptable yield (39.1% (WME‐B) to 23.07% (UAE‐C)). The amylose content significantly varies between 17.7% (AAE‐C) and 18.13% (EAE‐A). Starches isolated by WME‐B follows, and EAE‐B methods exhibits the highest swelling power (SP) and solubility besides the lowest syneresis. The range of viscosity is between 892.33 (WME‐B) and 593.33 (UAE‐C) cP (p < 0.05). The morphology of the granules varies depending on the isolation method. FTIR‐spectra of various starches show almost similar profiles. The results provide valuable insights about the differences in physicochemical properties of Zagros acorn starch isolated by various methods to choose appropriate applications of these un‐conventional starch. Overall, WME‐B is suggested as a simple and economical method, while the EAE‐B is an environmentally friendly method.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Starch Isolation Method on Morphological and Physicochemical Properties of Zagros Oak (Quercus brantii var. Persica) Starch

et al. 2022

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“…Moderately milling grains can minimize the level of undesirable substances such as bacteria, molds, agrochemicals, and heavy metals and improve the mouthfeel and taste of the grains while maximizing the retention of active ingredients such as polyphenols, dietary fiber, and β-glucan [31]. In order to explore whether the moderately milled grains still have biological effects similar to that of the whole grain mentioned previously, this study took one of the current research hotspots-highland barley [22,32] as the research object. By comparing the nutrient composition and in vitro digestion properties of HB with a 10%, 20%, and 30% milling degree (Table S2-S4), we finally selected highland barley with a 10% milling degree (PHB) for a 12-week intervention experiment in mice fed a HFD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effects of Partly Milled Highland Barley on the Prevention of High-Fat Diet-Induced Glycometabolic Disorder and the Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Mice

Wang²,

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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The nutritional functions of highland barley (HB) are superior to those of regular cereals and have attracted increasing attention in recent years. The objective of this study was to investigate whether partly milled highland barley (PHB) can regulate the serum glucose and lipid disorders of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and to further explore their potential gut microbiota modulatory effect. Our results showed that PHB supplementation significantly reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) and improved oral glucose tolerance. Histological observations confirmed the ability of PHB to alleviate liver and intestine damage. Furthermore, the results of 16S amplicon sequencing revealed that PHB prevented a HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, enriching some beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Ileibacterium, and reducing several HFD-dependent taxa (norank_f_Desulfovibrionaceae, Blautia, norank_f_Lachnospiraceae, unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, and Colidextribacter). In addition, the increase of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium presence has a slightly dose-dependent relationship with the amount of the added PHB. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were negatively correlated with the blood glucose level of the oral glucose tolerance test. Overall, our results provide important information about the processing of highland barley to retain its hypoglycemic effect and improve its acceptability and biosafety.

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“…Hulless barley is mainly cultivated in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and used in beverages, bakery products, and food supplements in China [ 1 ]. Hulless barley grain possesses unique physical and chemical properties and has good potential for numerous food and non-food applications [ 2 ]. Hulless barley grain is a good source of dietary fiber providing soluble and insoluble dietary fiber fractions, especially a much higher content of arabinoxylan and β-(1 → 3, 1 → 4)-glucan compared to hulled barley genotypes [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Characterization and In Vitro Anti-Cancer Activities of a Hot Water Soluble Polysaccharide from Hulless Barley Grass

Zhang

et al. 2022

Foods

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Hulless barley grass may confer many health benefits attributed to its bioactive functional components, such as polysaccharides. Here, a hot water soluble polysaccharide was extracted from hulless barley grass, and its chemical characterization and in vitro anti-cancer activities were investigated. The yield of hulless barley grass polysaccharide (HBGP) was 2.3%, and the purity reached 99.1% with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.11 after purification by a diethylaminoethyl cellulose (DE-32) column and an S-400 high resolution (HR) column. The molecular weight and number-average molecular weight of HBGP were 3.3 × 104 and 2.9 × 104 Da, respectively. The monosaccharide composition of HBGP included 35.1% galactose, 25.6% arabinose, 5.5% glucose, and 5.3% xylose. Based on infrared spectrum analysis, HBGP possessed pyranose and galactose residues. In addition, this water-soluble polysaccharide showed significant cell proliferation inhibitory effects against cancer cell lines HT29, Caco-2, 4T1, and CT26.WT in a dose-dependent manner, especially for HT29 (the half-inhibitory concentration IC50 value = 2.72 mg/mL). The results provide a basis for the development and utilization of hulless barley grass in functional foods to aid in preventing cancer.

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Highland barley starch (Qingke): Structures, properties, modifications, and applications

Cited by 54 publications

References 92 publications

The Effect of Starch Isolation Method on Morphological and Physicochemical Properties of Zagros Oak (Quercus brantii var. Persica) Starch

The Effect of Starch Isolation Method on Morphological and Physicochemical Properties of Zagros Oak (Quercus brantii var. Persica) Starch

Beneficial Effects of Partly Milled Highland Barley on the Prevention of High-Fat Diet-Induced Glycometabolic Disorder and the Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Mice

Chemical Characterization and In Vitro Anti-Cancer Activities of a Hot Water Soluble Polysaccharide from Hulless Barley Grass

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