Higher prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among female Chinese diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome

Zhong, Lin; Wang, Yu; Li, Dong; Wen, Lihui; Zhai, Gang; Ding, Xiao; Zang, Dong Xiao; Wang, Feng Hua; Liang, Yuan

doi:10.1007/s10384-021-00877-x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As mentioned above, abdominal obesity plays an important role in the development of DR, and type 2 diabetes patients with a low BMI but a higher WHR had a significantly increased risk of developing DR ( 32 ). Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for DR in females in China ( 39 ). Our findings suggest that reducing abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome in diabetes patients without hypertension will help slow the process of DR. Interestingly, our study suggests that nonspecific ST-T segment (diabetic macrovascular complication) may also be a predictor of DR (diabetic microvascular complication) in diabetic patients with hypertension.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in residents with different types of abnormal glucose metabolism with or without hypertension: A suburban community-based cross-sectional study

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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AimsThe present study examined the prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in residents with abnormal glucose metabolism in a community.Methods6029 subjects were included and underwent standardized interviews and comprehensive examinations. Residents with diabetes were divided into nondiabetic retinopathy (NDR) and DR groups and non-hypertension and hypertension groups. Unconditional multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors for DR in different groups.ResultsThe prevalence of DR in diabetes was 9.9%, and the prevalence of retinopathy, which also has the typical signs of DRs, such as retinal microaneurysms, in prediabetes and normal glucose tolerance was 5.2% and 5.3%, respectively. An elevated waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (female≥0.85, male≥0.9)[OR 1.683, 95% CI (1.016, 2.790)], systolic blood pressure (SBP)≥140 mmHg [OR 1.875, 95% CI (1.158, 3.034)], elevated HbA1c [OR 1.410, 95% CI (1.220, 1.629)], HbA1c ≥6.5% [OR 2.149, 95% CI (1.320, 3.498)], antidiabetic drug use [OR 3.798, 95% CI (2.209, 6.529)], elevated fasting blood glucose [OR 1.176, 95% CI (1.072, 1.289)], elevated postprandial blood glucose [OR 1.090, 95% CI (1.033, 1.150)] and nonspecific ST-T segment changes on electrocardiography [OR 2.555, 95% CI (1.556, 4.196)] were risk factors for DR. Duration of diabetes [OR 1.206, 95% CI (1.028, 1.415)], elevated WHR [OR 3.796, 95% CI (1.144, 12.603)], elevated waist circumference [OR 6.874, 95% CI (1.403, 33.665)], elevated HbA1c [OR 1.435, 95% CI (1.046, 1.970)], HbA1c ≥6.5% [OR 6.850, 95% CI (1.771, 26.501)], and concurrent metabolic syndrome [OR 3.975, 95% CI (1.144, 13.815)] were risk factors for DR in diabetes without hypertension, and elevated HbA1c [OR 1.395, 95% CI (1.183, 1.645)], HbA1c ≥6.5% [OR 1.745, 95% CI (1.027, 2.966)], use of antidiabetic drugs [OR 4.781, 95% CI (2.624, 8.711)], elevated fasting blood glucose [OR 1.146, 95% CI (1.034, 1.270)], elevated postprandial blood glucose [OR 1.083, 95% CI (1.020, 1.151)], and nonspecific ST-T segment changes on electrocardiography [OR 2.616, 95% CI (1.531, 4.469)] were risk factors for DR in diabetes with hypertension.ConclusionRetinopathy was found in subjects with normal glucose tolerance and prediabetes. There were differences in risk factors for DR in diabetic patients with and without hypertension.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in residents with different types of abnormal glucose metabolism with or without hypertension: A suburban community-based cross-sectional study

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…The retinal capillary endothelium is composed of endothelial cells, pericytes, and the basement membrane. Neovascularization of the retinal surface is the primary stage of PDR[ 6 ]. It is also the most important factor in retinal detachment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genipin relieves diabetic retinopathy by down-regulation of advanced glycation end products via the mitochondrial metabolism related signaling pathway

Sun,

Chen,

et al. 2023

World J Diabetes

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Diabetes and associated complications represent major global public health issues which are associated with impaired quality of life and premature death. Although some diabetic complications have decreased in the developed world, the majority are still prevalent, with an increasing trend in the developing world. Currently used therapies are mainly ‘glucocentric’, focusing on the optimization of glycemic control to prevent, delay or manage diabetes-associated complications- other common comorbidities, such as dyslipidemia and hypertension are often underestimated. Although a number of novel therapeutic approaches have been reported recently, some of them have not received comparable attention in relation to either further studies or potential clinical implementation. This editorial briefly discusses some recent therapeutic approaches to the prevention and management of diabetes and its associated complications, as well as potential directions for future research and development in this area.

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Incidence, progression and regression of diabetic retinopathy in a northeastern Chinese population

Zhong

Wen²,

Wang

et al. 2022

Br J Ophthalmol

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AimTo determine the incidence, progression and regression of diabetic retinopathy (DR), with corresponding risk factors, in a northeastern Chinese population of patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsAmong 2006 patients who completed baseline examinations in 2012–2013 and underwent re-examination after a mean interval of 21.2 months, 1392 patients with gradable fundus photographs for both baseline and follow-up examinations were included. Incidence was defined as new development of any DR among patients without DR at baseline. An increase of ≥2 scales (concatenating Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study levels of both eyes) in eyes with DR at baseline was defined as progression, while a reduction of ≥2 scales was defined as regression.ResultsThe age- and sex-standardised incidence, progression and regression were 5.8% (95% CI 4.7% to 6.9%), 26.8% (95% CI 24.8% to 28.8%) and 10.0% (95% CI 8.6% to 11.3%), respectively. In addition to poor blood glucose control, wider central retinal venular equivalent was associated with both incidence (relative risk (RR) 2.17, 95% CI 1.09 to 4.32, for ≥250 µm vs <210 µm) and progression (RR 2.00, 95% CI 1.02 to 3.96, for ≥250 µm vs <210 µm). Patients without insulin therapy (RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.97) and patients with wider central retinal arteriolar equivalent (RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.26, per 10 µm increase) were likely to exhibit DR regression.ConclusionWe determined the incidence, progression and regression of DR among northeastern Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Retinal vessel diameters, in addition to blood glucose level, influence the natural evolution of DR.

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Higher prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among female Chinese diabetic patients with metabolic syndrome

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in residents with different types of abnormal glucose metabolism with or without hypertension: A suburban community-based cross-sectional study

Prevalence of and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in residents with different types of abnormal glucose metabolism with or without hypertension: A suburban community-based cross-sectional study

Genipin relieves diabetic retinopathy by down-regulation of advanced glycation end products via the mitochondrial metabolism related signaling pathway

Incidence, progression and regression of diabetic retinopathy in a northeastern Chinese population

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