Higher Plant Calreticulins Have Acquired Specialized Functions in Arabidopsis

Christensen, Anna; Svensson, Karin; Thelin, Lisa; Zhang, Wenjing; Tintor, Nico; Prins, Daniel; Funke, Norma; Michalak, Marek; Schulze‐Lefert, Paul; Saijo, Yusuke; Sommarin, Marianne; Widell, Susanne; Persson, Staffan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011342

Cited by 74 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Calreticulin may interact with a majority of monoglucosylated glycoproteins synthesized in the ER, while certain isoforms have been associated with the expression and quality control of the elongation factor Tu receptor-like protein kinase (EFR) [119] an important event in M/PAMP-triggered immune responses. The signiicance of calreticulin isoform-3 (AtCRT-3) function through gene deletion was identiied in Arabidopsis plants [120]. Plant transformants with repressed AtCRT-3 gene activity were impaired in perception of M/ PAMP-associated el-18 and deicient in EFR protein expression and anthocyanin content.…”

Section: Calreticulin Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes on Agriculture and Methods of Control

Bernard¹,

Egnin²,

Bonsi³

2017

Nematology - Concepts, Diagnosis and Control

123

101

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Plant-parasitic nematodes are costly burdens of crop production. Ubiquitous in nature, phytoparasitic nematodes are associated with nearly every important agricultural crop and represent a signiicant constraint on global food security. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) cyst nematodes (Heterodera and Globodera spp.) and lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) rank at the top of list of the most economically and scientiically important species due to their intricate relationship with the host plants, wide host range, and the level of damage ensued by infection. Limitations on the use of chemical pesticides have brought increasing interest in studies on alternative methods of nematode control. Among these strategies of nonchemical nematode management is the identiication and implementation of host resistance. In addition, nematode genes involved in parasitism represent key targets for the development of control through gene silencing methods such as RNA interference. Recently, transcriptome proiling analyses has been used to distinguish nematode resistant and susceptible genotypes and identify the speciic molecular components and pathways triggered during the plant immune response to nematode invasion. This summary highlights the importance of plant-parasitic nematodes in agriculture and the molecular events involved in plant-nematode interactions.

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Section: Calreticulin Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes on Agriculture and Methods of Control

Bernard¹,

Egnin²,

Bonsi³

2017

Nematology - Concepts, Diagnosis and Control

123

101

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“…Unexpectedly, the crt mutants were still sensitive to the surrogates for bacterial flagellin or fungal chitin, indicating that At-CRT3 is required for EFR, but not for FLS2 or CERK1. Recently, Christensen et al (2010). reported that At-CRT3 has plant-specific properties.…”

Section: Cnx-crt Protein Folding Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein Quality Control and Its Relationship to Environmental Stress Responses in Plants

2010

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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has a sophisticated quality control (QC) system to eliminate improperly folded proteins from the secretory pathway. Given that protein folding is such a fastidious process and subject to adverse environmental conditions, the ER QC system appears to have been usurped to serve as an environmental sensor and responder in plants. Under stressful conditions, the ER protein folding machinery reaches a limit as the demands for protein folding exceed the capacity of the system. Under these conditions, misfolded or unfolded proteins accumulate in the ER, triggering an unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR mitigates ER stress by upregulating the expression of genes encoding components of the protein folding machinery or the ER-associated degradation system. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ER stress is sensed and stress signals are transduced by membrane-bound transcription factors, which are activated and mobilized under environmental stress conditions. Under acute or chronic stress conditions, UPR can also lead to apoptosis or programmed cell death. Despite recent progress in our understanding of plant protein QC, discovering how different environmental conditions are perceived is one of the major challenges in understanding this system. Since the ER QC system is one among many stress response systems in plants, another major challenge is determining the extent to which the ER QC system contributes to various stress responses in plants.

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“…As shown in Figure 3A, all five RGPs were predominantly detected in cytosolic and peripheral membrane protein fractions, and except for RGP4, none of the RGPs was detected in detergent-solubilized membrane fractions. As controls, cytosolic Fru-1,6-bisphosphatase (cFBPase; cytosolic protein; Strand et al, 2000), secretion-associated and Ras-related (Sar1; peripheral vesicular GTPase; Memon, 2004), and calreticulin (endoplasmic reticulum [ER] resident protein; Christensen et al, 2010) were predominantly detected in their proposed subcellular fractions. To differentiate between peripheral membrane and luminal proteins, we subjected microsomal fractions to proteinase K treatments followed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting.…”

Section: Subcellular Localizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interconversion of UDP-Arabinopyranose and UDP-Arabinofuranose Is Indispensable for Plant Development inArabidopsis

et al. 2011

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L-Ara, an important constituent of plant cell walls, is found predominantly in the furanose rather than in the thermodynamically more stable pyranose form. Nucleotide sugar mutases have been demonstrated to interconvert UDP-Larabinopyranose (UDP-Arap) and UDP-L-arabinofuranose (UDP-Araf) in rice (Oryza sativa). These enzymes belong to a small gene family encoding the previously named Reversibly Glycosylated Proteins (RGPs). RGPs are plant-specific cytosolic proteins that tend to associate with the endomembrane system. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the RGP protein family consists of five closely related members. We characterized all five RGPs regarding their expression pattern and subcellular localizations in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Enzymatic activity assays of recombinant proteins expressed in Escherichia coli identified three of the Arabidopsis RGP protein family members as UDP-L-Ara mutases that catalyze the formation of UDP-Araf from UDP-Arap. Coimmunoprecipitation and subsequent liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed a distinct interaction network between RGPs in different Arabidopsis organs. Examination of cell wall polysaccharide preparations from RGP1 and RGP2 knockout mutants showed a significant reduction in total L-Ara content (12-31%) compared with wild-type plants. Concomitant downregulation of RGP1 and RGP2 expression results in plants almost completely deficient in cell wall-derived L-Ara and exhibiting severe developmental defects.

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Higher Plant Calreticulins Have Acquired Specialized Functions in Arabidopsis

Cited by 74 publications

References 53 publications

The Impact of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes on Agriculture and Methods of Control

The Impact of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes on Agriculture and Methods of Control

Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein Quality Control and Its Relationship to Environmental Stress Responses in Plants

The Interconversion of UDP-Arabinopyranose and UDP-Arabinofuranose Is Indispensable for Plant Development inArabidopsis

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