Higher neonatal growth rate and body condition score at 7 months are predictive factors of obesity in adult female Beagle dogs

Leclerc, Lucie; Thorin, Chantal; Flanagan, John G.; Biourge, Vincent; Serisier, Samuel; Nguyen, Patrick

doi:10.1186/s12917-017-0994-7

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…In contrast to previous studies in dogs and humans [ 35 , 36 ], early growth rates (0–2 days and 2–15 days) were not found associated with the risk of overweight in the present study. This result supports the safety of an early energy supplementation for low birth weight puppies, known to reduce neonatal mortality in puppies [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Association between birth weight and risk of overweight at adulthood in Labrador dogs

Mugnier

Morin²,

Cellard

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Several studies in humans indicate that low birth weight predisposes individuals to obesity in later life. Despite the constant increase in prevalence of obesity in the canine population and the major health consequences of this affection, few investigations have been carried out on the association between birth weight and the development of overweight in dogs. The purpose of the current study was to examine the association between birth weight and some other neonatal characteristics and overweight at adulthood in a population of purebred Labrador dogs. Information was collected about the sex, age, neuter status, birth weight, and growth rates (between 0–2 days and 2–15 days of age) in 93 Labrador dogs raised under similar environmental conditions until two months old. The body condition scores (BCS, scale of 1–9) of these dogs at adulthood were recorded, with BCS equal to or greater than 6 classified as overweight. Dogs were split into two groups based on the median birth weight in the population: lower than the median (LTM) and higher than the median (HTM). A logistic regression model was applied to analyse associations between the general characteristics of the dogs (sex, age, neuter status), early life parameters (birth weight, growth rates) and overweight at adulthood. Birth weight was the only early-life parameter found to be associated with overweight (p value = 0.032) with a prevalence of overweight of 70% among the dogs with LTM birth weight vs. 47% in dogs born with HTM birth weight. Overweight was also associated with age and neuter status (p value = 0.029 and 0.005 respectively). Our results suggest that, as in humans, dogs with the lowest birth weights are more likely to become overweight at adulthood. More studies are needed to further examine this relationship and to explore the underlying mechanisms. A subsequent objective could be to identify preventive strategies such as an adapted early nutrition programme for at-risk individuals.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Association between birth weight and risk of overweight at adulthood in Labrador dogs

Mugnier

Morin²,

Cellard

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…There is increasing awareness that aspects of early life in puppies and kittens, especially nutrition during gestation and early growth, impact the risk of neonatal mortality (1-3) and the development of chronic diseases in adulthood (4,5). In many mammalian species, early-life and parental experiences have been investigated as potential contributors to the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental risk factors in puppies and kittens for developing chronic disorders in adulthood: A call for research on developmental programming

Chastant-Maillard

Forman

German³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Many dogs and cats are affected by chronic diseases that significantly impact their health and welfare and relationships with humans. Some of these diseases can be challenging to treat, and a better understanding of early-life risk factors for diseases occurring in adulthood is key to improving preventive veterinary care and husbandry practices. This article reviews early-life risk factors for obesity and chronic enteropathy, and for chronic behavioral problems, which can also be intractable with life-changing consequences. Aspects of early life in puppies and kittens that can impact the risk of adult disorders include maternal nutrition, establishment of the gut microbiome, maternal behavior, weaning, nutrition during growth, growth rate, socialization with conspecifics and humans, rehoming and neutering. Despite evidence in some species that the disorders reviewed here reflect the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), developmental programming has rarely been studied in dogs and cats. Priorities and strategies to increase knowledge of early-life risk factors and DOHaD in dogs and cats are discussed. Critical windows of development are proposed: preconception, gestation, the suckling period, early growth pre-neutering or pre-puberty, and growth post-neutering or post-puberty to adult size, the durations of which depend upon species and breed. Challenges to DOHaD research in these species include a large number of breeds with wide genetic and phenotypic variability, and the existence of many mixed-breed individuals. Moreover, difficulties in conducting prospective lifelong cohort studies are exacerbated by discontinuity in pet husbandry between breeders and subsequent owners, and by the dispersed nature of pet ownership.

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“…Moreover, for the individual puppy, early contact with humans may have beneficial future effects. The weight curves and growth rate of dogs have been investigated in several studies [2][3][4]. Weight has an impact not only on health [5] but also on certain behavioral aspects, with larger female puppies being more active and explorative than their smaller counterparts [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

Bodyweight at Birth and Growth Rate during the Neonatal Period in Three Canine Breeds

Schrank

Mollo

Contiero

et al. 2019

Animals

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Weight at birth (bBW) and early weight gain have been linked to the risk of neonatal mortality. Pups are described to be of low bBW if weighing less than one standard deviation (SD) below the mean. Most studies classified breeds according to their expected adult bodyweight. Our aim was to evaluate the breed specificity of these parameters. We assessed the bBW of 213 puppies of Bernese Mountain Dog (BMD), Tibetan Terrier (TT), and Lhasa Apso (LA) breeds, as well as the neonatal growth rate of 133 puppies of BMD and TT. BMD puppies were born relatively smaller than puppies of TT and LA (p ≤ 0.0001) and gained less weight than TT puppies during the first 14 days (p ≤ 0.05). Litter size had a significant impact on bBW and daily gain until the onset of the third week for BMD (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0005, respectively) and TT (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.0064, respectively). When using bBW means and SD specifically assessed according to breed, 29 out of the 213 neonates of our study were judged as being of low bBW, whereas, when using the classical criteria (based on breed groups), the number of low bBW pups was 160 of 213. These results suggest that evaluations of bBW and neonatal growth should be performed in a breed-specific manner.

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Higher neonatal growth rate and body condition score at 7 months are predictive factors of obesity in adult female Beagle dogs

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Association between birth weight and risk of overweight at adulthood in Labrador dogs

Association between birth weight and risk of overweight at adulthood in Labrador dogs

Environmental risk factors in puppies and kittens for developing chronic disorders in adulthood: A call for research on developmental programming

Bodyweight at Birth and Growth Rate during the Neonatal Period in Three Canine Breeds

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