Higher Incidence of Diabetes in Cancer Patients Compared to Cancer-Free Population Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background: Diabetes increases the risk of certain types of cancer. However, the literature regarding the incidence of diabetes after cancer diagnosis is inconsistent. We aimed to assess whether there was a higher incidence of diabetes among cancer patients by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of results from cohort studies. Methods: A systematic electronic literature search was carried out from cohort studies regarding the incidence of diabetes in cancer patients, using the databases PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to pool the estimates. Results: A total of 34 articles involving 360,971 cancer patients and 1,819,451 cancer-free controls were included in the meta-analysis. An increased pooled relative risk (RR) of 1.42 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30–1.54, I2 = 95, τ2 = 0.0551, p < 0.01) for diabetes in cancer patients was found compared with the cancer-free population. The highest relative risk was observed in the first year after cancer diagnosis (RR = 2.06; 95% CI 1.63–2.60). Conclusions: New-onset diabetes is positively associated with cancer, but this association varies according to cancer type. More prospective studies with large sample sizes and longer follow-up times are advocated to further examine the association and the underlying mechanisms.

Diabetes mellitus in long‐term survivors with colorectal, breast, or prostate cancer: Prevalence and prognosis. A population‐based study

“…Contrary to previous studies that reported that the prevalence of DM and the risk of new‐onset DM in cancer survivors increased with cancer stage and cancer treatment, 3,13,42 our study revealed that cancer stage and cancer treatment were not significantly associated with DM prevalence and incidence in LTCS. This discrepancy might be due to the difference in age distribution, cancer types, and follow‐up period between other studies and ours.…”

“…In addition, DM is associated with a higher risk of some cancers such as breast and colorectal cancer 11 . An increased risk of incident DM after cancer diagnosis has also been reported in various studies 12–14 . However, nonsignificant differences between cancer survivors and the cancer‐free population have also been reported 15,16 …”

Onkodiabetológia I.

“…A praediabetes és a T2DM, valamint a malignus daganatok közötti összefüggést számos nagy metaanalízis következtetései is megerősítik [1,2,8]. Az IR, az IFG, az IGT és a T2DM fennállása -a teljes népesség körében tapasztalthoz képest -szignifikánsan nagyobb arányban fordul elő számos rákbetegség (például melanoma, NHL, HCC, RCC, CRC, hasnyálmirigy-, húgyhólyag-, prosztata-, emlő-, méhtest-és méhnyakrák stb.)…”

“…A szénhidrát-anyagcsere zavarai és a rosszindulatú daganatok közötti összefüggést számos preklinikai és klinikai vizsgálat, valamint nagy metaanalízisek eredményei is alátámasztják [1,2,8]. A kétféle kórállapot közötti szoros kapcsolat okát egyrészt a hasonló anyagcsereváltozások, másrészt a közös molekuláris utak jelentik.…”

Utilization of Diabetes Self-Management Program among Breast, Prostate, and Colorectal Cancer Survivors: Using 2006-2019 Texas Medicare Data

“…Among people aged 65 and older, all cancer incidences have decreased 1.2 per 100,000 people overall in the U.S. from 2014 to 2018 but only decreased 0.6 in Texas [12]. Next, diabetes risk is high among cancer survivors ( [13,14]. While the bene t of glycemic control on cancer outcomes in general has been proved [15], cancer survivors were barely empowered to execute diabetes self-care [16].…”