Higher fracture toughness of tetragonal zirconia ceramics through nanocrystalline structure

Trunec, Martin; Chlup, Zdeněk

doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2009.03.019

Cited by 68 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although the transparent cubic ZrO 2 ceramic is of interest because of its high refractive index, most of the mechanical properties give preference to tetragonal ZrO 2 ceramics with a strength >900 MPa rather than cubic ZrO 2 with a strength <600 MPa. Although it is generally recognized that the transformation toughening is reduced with smaller grain size, 15 more recent investigations have shown that nearly dense YSZ ceramics with a grain size <100 nm can exhibit a fracture toughness of about 8 MPa·m 1/2 16,17 which is superior to a typical cubic material with 2.8 MPa·m 1/2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transparent Tetragonal Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Ceramics: Influence of Scattering Caused by Birefringence

Klimke

Trunec

Krell

2011

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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173

153

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The correlation between grain size, optical birefringence, and transparency is discussed for tetragonal zirconia (ZrO2) ceramics using the Mie, Rayleigh, and Rayleigh–Gans–Debye scattering models. Our results demonstrate that at the degree of mean birefringence in the range (0.03–0.04) expected for tetragonal ZrO2, only the Mie theory provides reasonable results. At small particle size (<50 nm) the more straightforward Rayleigh approximation correlates with the Mie model. A real in‐line transmission of ∼50% at visible light and 1 mm thickness is expected at a mean grain size <40 nm and ∼70% at a mean grain size <20 nm. At an infrared (IR) wavelength of 5 μm there should not be any scattering caused by birefringence for grain sizes <200 nm. Our simulations were validated with experimental data for tetragonal ZrO2 (3 mol% Y2O3) ceramics made from a powder with an initial particle size of ∼10 nm by sintering in air and using hot‐isostatic pressing. The maximum in‐line transmission of about 77% was observed at IR wavelengths of 3–5 μm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transparent Tetragonal Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Ceramics: Influence of Scattering Caused by Birefringence

Klimke

Trunec

Krell

2011

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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173

153

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“…Few studies have investigated the translucency/transparency properties of 3 mol.% Y-TZP [18,19,21,22]. The findings suggest that nanocrystalline 3Y-TZP may potentially exhibit both desirable translucency and mechanical properties [30,31]. The challenge, however, lies in the fabrication of such high-quality nanocrystalline structures with little to no porosity and defects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia translucent

2014

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Objective The aim of this study was to provide a design guideline for developing tetragonal yttria-stabilized zirconia with improved translucency. Methods The translucency, the in-line transmission in particular, of 3 mol.% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (3Y-TZP) has been examined using the Rayleigh scattering model. The theory predicts that the in-line transmission of 3Y-TZP can be related to its thickness with grain size and birefringence the governing parameters. To achieve a threshold value of translucency, the critical grain size of 3Y-TZP was predicted for various thicknesses (0.3 – 2.0 mm). The threshold value was defined by a measured average in-line transmission value of a suite of dental porcelains with a common thickness of 1 mm. Our theoretical predictions were calibrated with one of the very few experimental data available in the literature. Results For a dense, high-purity zirconia, its in-line transmission increased with decreasing grain size and thickness. To achieve a translucency similar to that of dental porcelains, a nanocyrstalline 3Y-TZP structure was necessitated, due primarily to its large birefringence and high refractive index. Such a grain size dependence became more pronounced as the 3Y-TZP thickness increased. For example, at a thickness of 1.3 mm, the mean grain size of a translucent 3Y-TZP should be 82 nm. At 1.5 mm and 2 mm thicknesses, the mean grain size needed to be 77 nm and 70 nm, respectively. Significance A promising future for zirconia restorations, with combined translucency and mechanical properties, can be realized by reducing its grain size.

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“…For the same method, Damani et al [14] obtained the K Ιc of zirconia is 7.5 MPa/m 1/2 for ρ ¼ 6.5 um. Trunec et al [15] reported the K Ιc of nanocrastalline zirconia with the grain size of 85 nm is 15.5 MPa/m 1/2 determined by IM method. On the other hand, studies on SEPB method to measure the K Ιc of zirconia ceramics are still limited, because it is difficult to introduce a pre-crack into zirconia sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of notch depth on fracture toughness of Y-TZP and determination of its actual value

Zhao

Peng

Liu

et al. 2015

Ceramics International

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Higher fracture toughness of tetragonal zirconia ceramics through nanocrystalline structure

Cited by 68 publications

References 19 publications

Transparent Tetragonal Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Ceramics: Influence of Scattering Caused by Birefringence

Transparent Tetragonal Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Ceramics: Influence of Scattering Caused by Birefringence

Making yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia translucent

Effect of notch depth on fracture toughness of Y-TZP and determination of its actual value

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