Higher Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with Improved Insulin Sensitivity and Selected Markers of Inflammation in Individuals Who Are Overweight and Obese without Diabetes

Sood, Surbhi; Feehan, Jack; Itsiopoulos, Catherine; Wilson, Kirsty; Plebanski, Magdalena; Scott, David; Hébert, James R.; Shivappa, Nitin; Mousa, Aya; George, Elena S.; Courten, Barbora de

doi:10.3390/nu14204437

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Actually, dietary patterns have a great impact on systemic inflammation; for example, Western dietary patterns characterized by a high caloric content and high fat can lead to significantly elevated systemic inflammation ( 8 ). On the contrary, the Mediterranean diet, a commonly recognized healthy dietary pattern, was found to have anti-inflammation effects ( 9 ). Therefore, it is necessary to establish a comprehensive measurement method to evaluate the dietary inflammatory potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dietary inflammatory index and its association with the prevalence of hypertension: A cross-sectional study

et al. 2023

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AimsWe aim to investigate the association of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with the prevalence of hypertension in a large multiracial population in the United States.MethodsParticipants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999–2018) were included in this cross-sectional study. Dietary information was obtained and used to calculate DII. Blood pressures of participants were measured by experienced examiners. The NHANES used the method of “stratified multistage probability sampling,” and this study is a weight analysis following the NHANES analytic guidance. Weight logistic regression analysis was adopted to investigate the association of hypertension with DII. Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was carried out to screen the most important dietary factors associated with the risk of hypertension. Moreover, a nomogram model based on key dietary factors was established; the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic power of the nomogram model for screening hypertension risk.ResultsA total of 45,023 participants were included in this study, representing 191 million residents in the United States. Participants with hypertension had an elevated DII compared with those without hypertension. Weight logistic regression showed that an increment of DII was strongly associated with hypertension after adjusting for confounding factors. The nomogram model, based on key dietary factors screened by LASSO regression, showed a favorable discriminatory power with an area under the curve (AUC) of 78.5% (95% CI: 78.5%–79.3%). Results of the sensitivity analysis excluding participants who received any drug treatment were consistent with those in the main analysis.ConclusionAn increment of DII is associated with the risk of hypertension. For better prevention and treatment of hypertension, more attention should be paid to controlling dietary inflammation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dietary inflammatory index and its association with the prevalence of hypertension: A cross-sectional study

et al. 2023

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“…Koloverou et al ( 24 ) also reported that MD decreased systematic inflammation and increased total antioxidant capacity. Higher MD score was associated with decreased inflammatory markers—lower NF-κB; additionally, the adiponectin level was higher ( 25 ). Additionally, Mitjavila et al ( 26 ) reported that MD protects lipids and DNA from oxidative damages in patients with the metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Should the Mediterranean diet be recommended for inflammatory bowel diseases patients? A narrative review

Ratajczak

Festa²,

Aratari³

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic, progressive and relapsing inflammatory disorders of unknown etiology that may cause disability over time. Data from epidemiologic studies indicate that diet may play a role in the risk of developing and the course of IBD. It is known that the group of beneficial bacteria was reduced in the IBD and that the Mediterranean diet (MD)—which is defined as eating habits characterized by high consumption of plant foods, mainly cereals, vegetables, fruit as well as olive oil, and small portions of dairy products, sweets, sugar and meat products—affects gut microbiota, enriching beneficial bacteria, which support gut barrier function and reduce inflammation. Although several studies support different favorable effects of MD on IBD, adherence to MD by IBD patients is generally low, including patients from the Mediterranean Basin. Patients avoid many products which are elements of MD because there cause gastrointestinal symptoms. Patients should be encouraged to have a healthy and well-balanced diet according to individual tolerance of products. A good option seems to be good modified MD, changing hard-to-digest products to easy digest.

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“…Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT; 95,138,139). We will administer the RAVLT to assess cognitive bene ts of both interventions, given that both interventions are expected to improve in ammation (140)(141)(142)(143)(144)(145) and that in ammation has been shown to be related to cognitive performance for those with BD (146-148).…”

Section: Secondary Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of time-restricted eating vs. Mediterranean diet on symptoms and quality of life in bipolar disorder

Johnson,

Murray,

Kriegsfeld

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: The primary objective of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to establish the effectiveness of time-restricted eating (TRE) compared with the Mediterranean diet for people with bipolar disorder (BD) who have symptoms of sleep disorders or circadian rhythm sleep-wake disruption. This work builds on the growing evidence that TRE has benefits for improving circadian rhythms. TRE and Mediterranean diet guidance will be offered remotely using self-help materials and an app, with coaching support. Methods: This study is an international RCT to compare the effectiveness of TRE and the Mediterranean diet. Three hundred participants will be recruited primarily via social media. Main inclusion criteria are: receiving treatment for a diagnosis of BD I or II (confirmed via MINI structured diagnostic interview), endorsement of sleep or circadian problems, self-reported eating window of ≥ 12 hours, and no current mood episode, acute suicidality, eating disorder, psychosis, alcohol or substance use disorder, or other health conditions that would interfere with or limit the safety of following the dietary guidance. Participants will be asked to complete baseline daily food logging for two weeks and then will be randomly allocated to follow TRE or the Mediterranean diet for 8 weeks, during which time, they will continue to complete daily food logging. Intervention content will be delivered via an app. Symptom severity interviews will be conducted at baseline; mid-intervention (4 weeks after the intervention begins); end of intervention; and at 3, 6, and 12 months postintervention by phone or videoconference. Self-rated symptom severity and quality of life data will be gathered at those timepoints, as well as at 6 weeks postintervention. To provide a more refined index of whether TRE successfully decreases emotional lability and improves sleep, participants will be asked to complete a sleep diary (core CSD) each morning and complete six mood assessments per day for eight days at baseline and again at mid-intervention. Discussion: The planned research will provide novel and important information on whether TRE is more beneficial than the Mediterranean diet for reducing mood symptoms and improving quality of life in individuals with BD who also experience sleep or circadian problems. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: ID: 2022-10-15725. Pending, submitted 12/17/2023.

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Higher Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with Improved Insulin Sensitivity and Selected Markers of Inflammation in Individuals Who Are Overweight and Obese without Diabetes

Cited by 11 publications

References 55 publications

The dietary inflammatory index and its association with the prevalence of hypertension: A cross-sectional study

The dietary inflammatory index and its association with the prevalence of hypertension: A cross-sectional study

Should the Mediterranean diet be recommended for inflammatory bowel diseases patients? A narrative review

A randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of time-restricted eating vs. Mediterranean diet on symptoms and quality of life in bipolar disorder

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