High-yield synthesis of ultrathin silicon nanosheets by physical grinding enables robust lithium-ion storage

Lu, Jijun; Zhang, Yaoyao; Gong, Xuzhong; Li, Leyang; Pang, Sheng; Qian, Guoyu; Wang, Zhi; Liu, Junhao

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2022.137022

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…To further evaluate the practicability of Si/CNTs/C anodes, full LIBs were assembled . A schematic diagram of the full cell is shown in Figure a, with commercial LiFePO 4 cathodes and prelithiated Si/CNTs/C anodes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To further evaluate the practicability of Si/CNTs/C anodes, full LIBs were assembled. 37 A schematic diagram of the full cell is shown in Figure 8a, with commercial LiFePO 4 cathodes and prelithiated Si/CNTs/C anodes. In Figure 8c, the full cell exhibited high reversible capacities of 162, 159, 155, 146, 134, and 162 mAh g −1 at 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 0.2 C, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Chemical Synthesis Strategy To Construct a Silicon/Carbon Nanotubes/Carbon-Integrated Composite with Outstanding Lithium Storage Capability

Xiang

Zhou

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The Si/C anode is one of the most promising candidate materials for the next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, a silicon/carbon nanotubes/carbon (Si/CNTs/C) composite is in situ synthesized by a one-step reaction of magnesium silicide, calcium carbonate, and ferrocene. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that the growth of CNTs is attributed to the catalysis of iron atoms derived from the decomposition of ferrocene. In comparison to a Si/C composite, the cycle stability of the Si/CNTs/C composite can obviously be improved as an anode for LIBs. The enhanced performance is mainly attributed to the following factors: (i) the perfect combination of Si nanoparticles and in situ grown CNTs achieves high mechanical integrity and good electrical contact; (ii) Si nanoparticles are entangled in the CNT cage, effectively reducing the volume expansion upon cycling; and (iii) in situ grown CNTs can improve the conductivity of composites and provide lithium ion transport channels. Moreover, the full cell constructed by a LiFePO4 cathode and Si/CNTs/C anode exhibits excellent cycling stability (137 mAh g–1 after 300 cycles at 0.5 C with a capacity retention rate of 91.2%). This work provides a new way for the synthesis of a Si/C anode for high-performance LIBs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Chemical Synthesis Strategy To Construct a Silicon/Carbon Nanotubes/Carbon-Integrated Composite with Outstanding Lithium Storage Capability

Xiang

Zhou

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Si has been favored for its high specific capacity (3,579 mA h g –1 ) and natural abundance . However, the large volume expansion (>300%) and low conductivity during the charging and discharging process limit the large-scale application of Si. − Researchers have adopted various approaches to overcome these limitations, including nanostructure design, − surface engineering strategies, ,− interface engineering, , and novel binders. − However, these strategies can be complex and difficult to scale up, and so there is a need to investigate low-cost and scalable strategies for preparing Si anodes with high capacity and cycling stability. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Co-calcination Enhances the Industrial Application of Si–C/Graphite Composites with Uniform Strain Distribution

Chen,

Li,

Yang

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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The exploration of cost-effective and scalable methods to fabricate Si anodes with high capacity and cycle stability is crucial for advancing their practical applications. Si/ graphite composites have emerged as one of the most promising candidates for commercialization. Various manufacturers use different techniques such as ball milling, chemical vapor deposition, sol−gel, spray drying, among others, to compound Si and graphite, but there is no standardized approach yet. This study investigates inexpensive and efficient preparation methods based on the commercialization of silicon−carbon composites (Si/C). This approach differs from the conventional tubular furnace calcination utilized in most studies. Dynamic co-calcination enables Si/C mixtures to be stirred and heated simultaneously, ensuring uniform dispersion of Si particles on the graphite substrate. As a result, the material can absorb or discharge volume strain effectively, thereby maintaining excellent structural and electrochemical stability. The Si/graphite material generated via this dynamic method exhibits an initial discharge capacity of 553.6 mA h g −1 at 0.3 A g −1 and retains 85.2% of its capacity after 300 cycles. To assess its commercial viability, we fabricated a pouch cell with NCM11 and discovered that the soft pack battery retained 71% of its capacity after 50 cycles. This approach presents a promising prospect for the commercial use of Si/C composites.

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“…However, a Si anode currently faces many thorny problems, such as poor electronic conductivity resulting in sluggish charge transfer, serious volumetric change throughout lithiation/delithiation to destroy the stability of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer, and electrode pulverization in the cycling process to cause rapid capacity decay. − Therefore, rational modification of a Si anode still remains a challenge for high-energy-density LIBs. Evidently, the primary issue is how to alleviate the effect of volume variation of the Si anode. , Strategies such as nanometerization, composite materials, optimized electrolytes, and functionalized binders are all favorable means to improve the comprehensive electrochemical performance. − Various Si nanomaterials, such as Si nanosheets and Si nanowires, which can not only effectively shorten the transport path of lithium (Li) ions but also help to relieve the mechanical stress of Si particles. , Meanwhile, the synergistic effect between metal or nonmetal and Si is beneficial to promoting electron/ion transport and helping to maintain the electrode integrity, which can improve the Li storage performance of the material . Yang et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12−14 Various Si nanomaterials, such as Si nanosheets and Si nanowires, which can not only effectively shorten the transport path of lithium (Li) ions but also help to relieve the mechanical stress of Si particles. 15,16 Meanwhile, the synergistic effect between metal or nonmetal and Si is beneficial to promoting electron/ion transport and helping to maintain the electrode integrity, which can improve the Li storage performance of the material. 17 Yang et al used a self-made Sn atom cluster catalyst to catalyze the pyrolysis of carbon (C) sources and the growth of Si.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially Confined Silicon Nanoparticles Anchored in Porous Carbon as Lithium-Ion-Battery Anode Materials

Ruan

Zhang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Spatial confinement of silicon (Si) within carbonaceous materials has been regarded as the typical strategy to solve the pulverization and capacity decay of the Si-based electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. However, the uneven distribution of Si particles in the carbon (C) matrix often diminishes the full benefits of Si/C composites to cause instability of the capacity and rate properties. Herein, we fabricate polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogelderived porous C with a unique gridding structure to encapsulate the Si particles. The as-fabricated Si@C-PAM electrode with a satisfactory capacity of 1019 mAh g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 after 100 cycles. Even at a current density of 1.0 A g −1 , Si@C-PAM still delivers a superior specific capacity of 589 mAh g −1 after 300 cycles with good capacity retention (89%). The fast and stable lithiation/delithiation of Si@C-PAM is attributed to the dense and unobstructed gridding architecture, which offers numerous ion channels for fast charge transfer and seals the Si core sufficiently to accommodate the large volume change. In practical applications, the full-cell LiFePO 4 / Si@C-PAM also exhibits well reversible capacity. Furthermore, the proposed method provides a good example for many other electrode materials suffering from similar problems.

show abstract

High-yield synthesis of ultrathin silicon nanosheets by physical grinding enables robust lithium-ion storage

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

New Chemical Synthesis Strategy To Construct a Silicon/Carbon Nanotubes/Carbon-Integrated Composite with Outstanding Lithium Storage Capability

New Chemical Synthesis Strategy To Construct a Silicon/Carbon Nanotubes/Carbon-Integrated Composite with Outstanding Lithium Storage Capability

Dynamic Co-calcination Enhances the Industrial Application of Si–C/Graphite Composites with Uniform Strain Distribution

Spatially Confined Silicon Nanoparticles Anchored in Porous Carbon as Lithium-Ion-Battery Anode Materials

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