High-Yield Plasmonic Nanolasers with Superior Stability for Sensing in Aqueous Solution

Wang, Suo; Li, Bo; Wang, Xingyuan; Chen, Huazhou; Wang, Yilun; Zhang, Xiaowei; Dai, Li‐Xin; Ma, Ren‐Min

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.7b00438

Cited by 45 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Multiline operation at different spectral ranges can enlarge the functionality and potential applications of plasmon nanolasers, since it allows highly integrated devices relevant for multiplexing, communications, extreme sensing, or ultradense photonic circuits . In this context, one of the first reports on multiline operation at the nanoscale consisted of a mixing of several nanolasing sources based on semiconductor nanowires emitting at different wavelengths .…”

Section: Plasmon‐assisted Solid‐state Nanolasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Plasmonic–Ferroelectric Architectures for Lasing and SHG Processes at the Nanoscale

et al. 2019

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develop novel nanophotonic devices with innovative functions for light generation and control. Indeed, the development of coherent light sources with sub-wavelength confined modes is a flourishing area that can yield a revolution in several fields, including physics, chemistry, materials science, biology, and/or imaging and information technologies. [13][14][15][16] In this review, we discuss the progress on the fabrication and performance features of light sources operating at the nanoscale, which can be attained by the interaction of localized surface plasmons (LSP) with optical gain dielectric media. The optical gain is provided by functional ferroelectric platforms (either by stimulated emission or by nonlinear (NL) frequency conversion processes), which in turn are used as templates for the deposition of metallic arrangements. Two types of sources with sub-diffraction spatial confinement are presented: plasmon-assisted solid-state nanolasers, based on the interaction between metallic nanostructures and optically active rare earth (RE 3+ ) doped ferroelectric crystals, and NL radiation sources based on quadratic frequency mixing mechanisms, that are enhanced by means of LSP resonances.Ferroelectrics are nowadays strong actors in the area of light generation and control. In the context of this report, the relevance of employing ferroelectric crystals as optical functional platforms is multiple. On one hand, the presence of a reversible spontaneous polarization in the ferroelectric phase allows to engineer ferroelectric domain patterns with different photonic functionalities. [17][18][19][20] On the other hand, the noncentrosymmetric crystal structure of ferroelectrics enables the generation of quadratic frequency conversion processes, which makes these systems useful as frequency doublers and optical parametric oscillators. [21,22] Further, the possibility of some ferroelectric crystals to host luminescent trivalent RE 3+ ions, from which laser action can be achieved, is an additional advantage exploited in the context of this work. [23] In fact, some of the materials that will be the subject of discussion in this report constitute true solid-state lasers due to the incorporation of optically active ions such as Nd 3+ or Yb 3+ during the crystal growth. Finally, the presence of surface charges on ferroelectrics is a key factor that allows ferroelectric surfaces to act as templates to assemble different type of nanostructures Coherent light sources providing sub-wavelength confined modes are in ever more demand to face new challenges in a variety of disciplines. Scalability and cost-effective production of these systems are also highly desired. The use of ferroelectrics in functional optical platforms, on which plasmonic arrangements can be formed, is revealed as a simple and powerful method to develop coherent light sources with improved and novel functionalities at the nanoscale. Two types of sources with subdiffraction spatial confinement and improved performances are presented: i) plasmon-assisted solid-sta...

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Section: Plasmon‐assisted Solid‐state Nanolasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Plasmonic–Ferroelectric Architectures for Lasing and SHG Processes at the Nanoscale

et al. 2019

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“…Such fast implement of MIS structure for plasmonic laser is of extensive advantages, including relatively low ohmic losses at optical frequencies, strong mode confinement, fast decay dynamics and broad emission spectra tunability . These attractive features enable according plasmonic lasers with promising applications in photonic integration, quantum plasmonic devices and lasing‐enhanced sensing . By replacing the gain nanowire to nanosquare, the radiation loss can be suppressed effectively by adopting total internal reflection of SPP and the plasmonic laser was demonstrated at room temperature .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Realization of Perovskite‐Nanowire‐Based Plasmonic Lasers Capable of Mode Modulation

Ren

Wang

Chen

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Manipulating stimulated‐emission processes and overcoming the ohmic loss of metals in plasmonic lasers are of significance for the according applications in biological sensors, data storage, photolithography, and optical communications. Herein, through utilizing an electrochemical‐assisted growth method for high‐quality perovskite nanowires, plasmonic lasers based on the structure of metal/dielectric layer/perovskite nanowires are constructed. The plasmonic lasers demonstrate a threshold of 62 µJ cm−2, a high quality factor of Q ≈ 655, and a fast lasing decay time of 1.6 ps. Interestingly, the plasmonic lasers present an attractive capability in transformation from single mode to multiple modes just by adjusting the pumping energy. In addition to the broad stoichiometry‐dependent tunability of the perovskite materials, the proposed plasmonic lasers have great promise in real applications.

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“…By controlling the structural geometry, single‐mode lasing was also demonstrated (Figure d). Further improvements on this kind of laser configuration for high stability or high external quantum efficiency were also demonstrated. Compared with conventional broadband plasmonic resonance, the lasing action significantly narrows the resonance band and enhances the output signal, making it potential for high‐sensitivity plasmonic sensing …”

Section: Experimental Demonstrations Of the Plasmonic Nanolasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic Nanolasers: Pursuing Extreme Lasing Conditions on Nanoscale

Gao

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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and techniques have been proposed and/ or developed. Here we focus on a newly emerging area-plasmonic nanolaser that pursuing extremely smaller cavity size in one or more dimensions, and consequently extreme lasing conditions, by using a plasmonic cavity with feature size possibly far below the diffraction limit of light.The miniaturization of a laser can be traced back to the early age of the laser, when compact semiconductor structures were introduced. In particular, the introduction of semiconductors as the gain media in 1962, [11,12] followed by a series of elaborately engineered structures from heterostructure, [13] quantum well, [14] vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), [15,16] microdisk, [17][18][19] photonic crystal, [20][21][22] quantum dot [23,24] to nanowire (NW) [25][26][27] have made great success in shrinking a laser from bulk scale to wavelength level using reduced cavity sizes. [28] For example, to date, typical commercial edgeemitting quantum well laser diodes have dimensions of several micrometers in width and hundreds of micrometers in length, and a single quantum dot can lase in a photonic crystal cavity with overall dimension of merely 0.7(λ/n) 3 , where λ is the vacuum wavelength and n the refractive index of the dielectric. [29] With optimized geometry and material for cavity design, lower structural dimension is expected. However, in a dielectric cavity with limited refractive index n, the cavity size is intrinsically restricted by optical diffraction limit that sets an ultimate limit λ/2n for both cavity length and mode size in all three dimensions.An effective step to shrink a cavity beyond the diffraction limit is converting light into surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in nanostructuralized metals, which is a kind of collective oscillation of quasi free electrons on the interface of a metal and a dielectric. [30] While SPP is featured with ultrahigh optical confinement and ultrafast relaxation process as shown in Figure 1a, [31] it is inevitably accompanied by ultrahigh energy dissipation (i.e., Ohmic loss), leading to a mutual balance between the mode size and the optical loss in either a nanowaveguide or a nanocavity as shown in Figure 1b. [32] For example, the transverse mode area of SPP mode on an Ag nanowire with diameter of 100 nm can be as small as 0.01 µm 2 but also exhibits a propagation loss larger than 200 dB mm −1 . Despite of the high loss coefficient of plasmonic resonance at optical frequency, a properly designed nanoplasmonic cavity coupled with a gain medium is possible to lase with miniature cavity length.Owing to their ultrahigh optical confinement, plasmonic nanolasers with cavity sizes beyond the diffraction limit of light, are attracting increasing attention for pursuing extreme lasing conditions on nanoscale including ultracompact cavity mode, ultrafast lasing modulation, significantly enhanced light-matter interaction, and Purcell effect. In this review, the recent progress on plasmonic nanolasers from both theoretical and experimental aspects is intro...

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High-Yield Plasmonic Nanolasers with Superior Stability for Sensing in Aqueous Solution

Cited by 45 publications

References 31 publications

Hybrid Plasmonic–Ferroelectric Architectures for Lasing and SHG Processes at the Nanoscale

Hybrid Plasmonic–Ferroelectric Architectures for Lasing and SHG Processes at the Nanoscale

Realization of Perovskite‐Nanowire‐Based Plasmonic Lasers Capable of Mode Modulation

Plasmonic Nanolasers: Pursuing Extreme Lasing Conditions on Nanoscale

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