High work function of Al-doped zinc-oxide thin films as transparent conductive anodes in organic light-emitting devices

Comparative Study of As-Deposited ZnO Thin Films by Thermal Evaporation, Pulsed Laser Deposition and RF Sputtering Methods for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications

“…It is expected to replace indium tin oxide (ITO)-based transparent electrodes in devices like flat panel displays, LEDs, solar cells, etc. [4][5][6] It has also been explored as a substitute of Si for active channel layers in thin-film transistor (TFT) technology. It has high-value field effect mobility as compared to that of amorphous Si and hence it can be used in high-resolution thin-film transistorliquid-crystal displays.…”

Kelvin force microscopy studies of work function of transparent conducting ZnO:Al electrodes synthesized under varying oxygen pressures

“…The growth of the thin film photovoltaics industry and the proliferation of third generation photovoltaic concepts have placed ever more emphasis on transparent conducting oxide (TCO) thin films for solar energy [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. As the technological relevance of TCOs grows, so must our understanding of how physical parameters that affect device performance are affected by materials fabrication [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

“…As the technological relevance of TCOs grows, so must our understanding of how physical parameters that affect device performance are affected by materials fabrication [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The work function f is a critical parameter that influences device efficiency by controlling charge transport across interfaces [14,15].…”

Effect of Ag film thickness on the optical and the electrical properties in CuAlO2/Ag/CuAlO2 multilayer films grown on glass substrates

“…The prospect of potential applications of next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices utilizing TCO films has led to substantial research and development efforts to form TCO films that act as a window layer for light transmission, photocurrent generation, and current collection in thin film photovoltaic technologies [4,5]. Among the various kinds of TCO films, ZnO:Al, In 2 O 3 :Sn, SnO 2 :F, and TiO 2 :Nb have been the most extensively studied ntype semiconductors [6][7][8][9]. However, relatively little work has been done on p-type TCO films [10].…”