High Volumetric and Gravimetric Capacity Electrodeposited Mesostructured Sb₂O₃ Sodium Ion Battery Anodes

Abstract

Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) are considered promising alternatives to lithium ion batteries for grid‐scale and other energy storage applications because of the broad geographical distribution and low cost of sodium relative to lithium. Here, fabrication and characterization of high gravimetric and volumetric capacity 3D Ni‐supported Sb2O3 anodes for SIBs are presented. The electrodes are prepared by colloidal templating and pulsed electrodeposition followed by heat treatment. The colloidal template is optimized to provide large pore interconnects in the 3D scaffold to enable a high active materials loading and accommodate a large volume expansion during cycling. An electrodeposited loading of 1.1 g cm−3 is chosen to enable a combined high gravimetric and volumetric capacity. At this loading, the electrodes exhibit a specific capacity of ≈445 mA h g−1 and a volumetric capacity of ≈488 mA h cm−3 with a capacity retention of 89% after 200 cycles at 200 mA g−1. The stable cycling performance can be attributed to the 3D metal scaffold, which supports active materials undergoing large volume changes, and an initial heat treatment appears to improve the adhesion of the Sb2O3 to the metal scaffold.

Recent Progress on the Alloy‐Based Anode for Sodium‐Ion Batteries and Potassium‐Ion Batteries

“…Relative research devotes to improve ion transfer conductivity and enhance reaction reversibility. Braun and co-workers [111] reported 3D Ni-supported Sb 2 O 3 anode in SIBs by colloidal templating and pulsed electrodeposition treatment. The obtained electrode materials display a reversible capacity of 445 mAh g −1 with capacity retention of 89% over 200 cycles at 0.2 A g −1 .…”

N/S-Co-Doped Porous Carbon Sheets Derived from Bagasse as High-Performance Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries

“…The anode materials for SIBs, such as carbonaceous materials [1,2,3], oxides [4], sulfides [5,6], phosphides [7], alloys [8], and Ti-based intercalation compounds [9], have been extensively investigated. Among them, carbonaceous materials, especially the disordered carbon, have gained a great deal of attention as promising candidates because of their high electronic conductivity, eco-friendliness, and thermal stability [10].…”

Zinc Ferrite Nanorod‐Assembled Mesoporous Microspheres as Advanced Anode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…It is worth noting that Na 2 O cannot be detected in the XRD patterns during the charge and discharge processes. This may be due to the amorphous nature of the synthesized Na 2 O material through electrochemical reaction in SIB systems . Combining the obtained CV and the ex situ XRD results with the reported electrochemical reactions for the ZnO anode in SIBs , it can be deduced that ZnFe 2 O 4 experiences the conversion and alloying reactions for the reversible sodium storage .…”