High‐value application of glass beads/porous carbon obtained from coal gasification fine slag as alternative for carbon black in natural rubber composite
Abstract:Coal gasification slag is a by-product of entrained-flow coal gasification, and the improper disposal of the slag causes environmental pollution. Coal gasification fine slag (CGFS) filtered cakes were treated in a spin flash dryer. The CGFS products with different particle sizes (coarse particles (CGFS-C) and fine particles (CGFS-F)), loss on ignition (unburned carbon), and silica content were obtained. Morphology analysis revealed that the CGFS-F particles had a hybrid structure of unburned carbon embedded by… Show more
“…20 According to the TGA curves (Figure 2(c)), the CGFS contained moisture, volatile fractions, and a large amount of unburned carbon, of which the porous charcoal was highly compatible with the substrate. 10 The SEM image of CGFS (Figure 2(d)) disclosed spherical particles with a large surface roughness that contained numerous irregular smaller particles on their surface. 21 Figure 2.Basic analysis of CGFS: (a) Particle size distribution; (b) XRD pattern; (c) TGA and DTG curves; (d) SEM image.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…9 Because of its complex chemical composition compared to single-component fillers, CGFS gives more possibilities for the performance of the filling material. For instance, Ai et al 10,11 embedded CGFS in various resins, thereby improving the strength, stiffness and elongation of the materials to a large extent. Zhang et al 12 prepared a multifunctional and low-cost mesoporous powder (CGSF3) was prepared from coal gasification fine slag.…”
Coal gasification fine slag (CGFS) is a by-product of gasification process of gasification beds that pollutes the environment. To make the utilization of CGF more efficient, poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)/CGFS composites were prepared via a melt blending process, and their mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. In order to dig deeper into the decomposition mechanism, the thermal degradation kinetics were systematically analyzed by drawing non-isothermal heat maps based on the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Friedman, and Kissinger model-free methods. According to the results, the properties of all tests vary significantly with CGFS content. In particular, at a the CGFS content of 20 phr, the tensile strength (tensile modulus) and flexural strength (flexural modulus) of CGFS-20 were 13.5% (47.8%) and 13.9% (41.6%) higher, respectively, than those of conventional CGFS-0 composites. However, the impact strength decreases with the increase of CGFS content. At the same time, the addition of CGFS suppresses the mass conversion rate and improves the thermal stability of PVC composites at high temperature, and the final residual mass reaches 31%, which is 12.7% higher than that of pure PVC. The kinetic analysis of thermal decomposition shows that CGFS promotes the initial degradation of the composites reduces the activation energy of the reaction, and at the same time endows them with higher thermal stability in the high-temperature phase.
“…20 According to the TGA curves (Figure 2(c)), the CGFS contained moisture, volatile fractions, and a large amount of unburned carbon, of which the porous charcoal was highly compatible with the substrate. 10 The SEM image of CGFS (Figure 2(d)) disclosed spherical particles with a large surface roughness that contained numerous irregular smaller particles on their surface. 21 Figure 2.Basic analysis of CGFS: (a) Particle size distribution; (b) XRD pattern; (c) TGA and DTG curves; (d) SEM image.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…9 Because of its complex chemical composition compared to single-component fillers, CGFS gives more possibilities for the performance of the filling material. For instance, Ai et al 10,11 embedded CGFS in various resins, thereby improving the strength, stiffness and elongation of the materials to a large extent. Zhang et al 12 prepared a multifunctional and low-cost mesoporous powder (CGSF3) was prepared from coal gasification fine slag.…”
Coal gasification fine slag (CGFS) is a by-product of gasification process of gasification beds that pollutes the environment. To make the utilization of CGF more efficient, poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)/CGFS composites were prepared via a melt blending process, and their mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. In order to dig deeper into the decomposition mechanism, the thermal degradation kinetics were systematically analyzed by drawing non-isothermal heat maps based on the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Friedman, and Kissinger model-free methods. According to the results, the properties of all tests vary significantly with CGFS content. In particular, at a the CGFS content of 20 phr, the tensile strength (tensile modulus) and flexural strength (flexural modulus) of CGFS-20 were 13.5% (47.8%) and 13.9% (41.6%) higher, respectively, than those of conventional CGFS-0 composites. However, the impact strength decreases with the increase of CGFS content. At the same time, the addition of CGFS suppresses the mass conversion rate and improves the thermal stability of PVC composites at high temperature, and the final residual mass reaches 31%, which is 12.7% higher than that of pure PVC. The kinetic analysis of thermal decomposition shows that CGFS promotes the initial degradation of the composites reduces the activation energy of the reaction, and at the same time endows them with higher thermal stability in the high-temperature phase.
“…At present, CGS is mainly reutilized in the fields of industrial production, agricultural industry, building materials, energy recovery, and environmental protection. The industrial application is mainly to add CGS to rubber and plastic, which increases the properties of the polymer [3][4][5][6]. In agriculture, CGS is mainly used as a soil conditioner [7], and a source of silicon fertilizer [8] to improve the composting effect [9,10].…”
Coal gasification fine slag (FS), a kind of by-product of coal chemical industry, was recovered for the preparation of functional adsorbents by acid leaching process, which was orthogonally optimized by HCl, HNO3, HF, HAc, and H2SO4. Methylene blue (MB) was used to evaluate the performance of functional adsorbents. The results demonstrated that 57.6% of the leaching efficiency (RLE) and 162.94 mg/g of adsorption capacity (CAC) of MB were achieved under the optimal conditions of HNO3 of 2.0 mol/L, acid leaching time of 2.0 h, and acid leaching temperature of 293K. The detections on X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and BET surface area (SBET) indicated that the synthesized functional adsorbents were characterized by mesoporous materials. The good fitting of adsorption process using pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models demonstrated that the chemisorption contributed to MB removal. The results of thermodynamics further revealed that the adsorption process of MB occurred spontaneously due to the exothermic properties. The work is expected to develop a novel and cost-effective strategy for the safe disposal of FS, and potentially offer an alternative pathway to increase the additional value for the coal chemical industry.
“…At present, the resource utilization of coal gasification fine slag is mostly focused on soil improvement, 5 adsorption materials, 6‐9 catalyst carrier, 10 cement feed or additives, 11‐13 and so on. Miao et al prepared a new laminated porous composite material from gasification slag by chemical activation and hydrothermal treatment, with a regeneration efficiency of over 98% in CO 2 absorption 7 .…”
In this paper, the co-combustion characteristics of the carbon-rich fraction from coal gasification fine slag and corn straw char were investigated. The combustion performance of the blend was studied by TGA, and the properties of bottom ash samples were evaluated by XRD, SEM-EDS, and ICP-MS. The results showed that the addition of corn straw char (CC) to carbon-rich fraction (RC) can improve the combustibility of RC. The kinetic reaction mechanisms of the blend combustion were described by the diffusion model and chemical reaction order model (D1 and O3). The 40%RC case was recommended because of the lowest reaction activation energy. Hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ), quartz (SiO 2 ), anhydrite (CaSO 4 ), and diopside (Ca(Mg, Al)(Si, Al) 2 O 6 ) were the main mineral compounds in the RC-CC ash. With different compounding ratios of RC-CC, significant variability was observed in the degree of denseness and aggregation on the surface of the blend combustion bottom ash. The heavy metal concentrations (V, Cr, Ni, As, Cd and Pb) in the ash were tested to be in accordance with Chinese soil environmental quality standards, and the co-combustion process had a positive impact on the enrichment of V, Cr, and Ni in the bottom ash to some extent. The results obtained can make a reference for the synergistic utilization of RC-CC, and the treatment and reuse of combustion bottom ash samples.
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