High turnover rate of free phospholipids in soil confirms the classic hypothesis of PLFA methodology

Zhang, Yingying; Zheng, Ningguo; Wang, Juan; Yao, Huaiying; Qiu, Qiongfen; Chapman, Stephen J.

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.05.023

Cited by 92 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…NH 4 + -N and NO 3 − -N in the samples were extracted with 2 M KCl and measured by a continuous flow analyzer (SAN plus, Skalar Analytical B.V., The Netherlands). Approximately 100 mg of organic fertilizer samples was used to determine their C, H, O, N, and S contents and C/N ratios by means of an elemental analyzer (vario MACRO cube, Elementar, Germany) [28]. The antibiotic residues were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA) analysis, and extraction and purification procedures followed the description by Qian et al [29,30] Nine different antibiotics were analyzed: SDZ, SMZ, SMN, OTC, TC, CTC, Dox, Oflox, and Enroflox.…”

Section: Analysis Of Physicochemical Properties and Antibiotic Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Composting Different Types of Organic Fertilizer on the Microbial Community Structure and Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Zhou

Yao

2020

Microorganisms

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Organic fertilizer is a major carrier that stores and transmits antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In the environment, due to the application of organic fertilizers in agriculture, the increasing diversity and abundance of ARGs poses a potential threat to human health and environmental safety. In this paper, the microbial community structure and ARGs in different types of organic fertilizer treated with composting were examined. We found that the abundance and diversity of ARGs in earthworm cast organic fertilizer were the lowest and the highest in chicken manure organic fertilizer. Interestingly, the abundance and diversity of ARGs, especially beta-lactam resistance genes, sulfonamide resistance genes, and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance genes, in organic fertilizers were reduced significantly, while composting caused no significant change in mobile genetic elements (MGEs), where antibiotic deactivation and the use of efflux pumps were the two most dominant mechanisms. It was clear that removal of ARGs became more efficient with increasing reduction in the bacterial abundances and diversity of potential ARG hosts, and integron-mediated horizontal gene transfers (HGTs) played an important role in the proliferation of most ARG types. Therefore, the reduction in ARGs was mainly driven by changes in bacterial community composition caused by composting. Furthermore, rather than HGTs, the diversity and abundance of bacterial communities affected by compost physical and chemical properties were the main drivers shaping and altering the abundance and diversity of ARGs, which was indicated by a correlation analysis of these properties, antibiotic residues, microbial community structure, and ARGs. In general, high-temperature composting effectively removed antibiotic residues and ARGs from these organic fertilizers; however, it cannot prevent the proliferation of MGEs. The insights gained from these results may be of assistance in the safe and rational use of organic fertilizers by indicating the changes in microbial community structure and ARGs in different types of organic fertilizer treated with composting.

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Section: Analysis Of Physicochemical Properties and Antibiotic Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Composting Different Types of Organic Fertilizer on the Microbial Community Structure and Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Zhou

Yao

2020

Microorganisms

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“…In addition, glucose and xylose have been shown to contribute to the accumulation of lipids in larvae, yielding a lipid content of 34.60% [119]. These findings indicate that, lignocellulose is a useful substance for lipid accumulation in larvae and that the H. illucens is a very promising organism for the conversion of lignocellulose [120,121]. Therefore, the conversion of organic waste into grease by H. illucens has substantial potential and research value.…”

Section: Resource Value Of Hermetia Illucensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Resource Utilization of Waste Using the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens (L.)) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

Liu

Wang

Yao

2019

Animals

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The black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), is a saprophytic insect that can digest organic wastes, such as animal manure, plant residues, and food and agricultural wastes. In the degradation process, organic wastes are converted into protein, grease, and polypeptides, which can be applied in medicine, the refining of chemicals, and the manufacturing of feedstuffs. After their conversion by the H. illucens, organic wastes not only become useful but also environmentally friendly. To date, the H. illucens has been widely used to treat food waste and to render manure harmless. The protein and grease obtained via this insect have been successfully used to produce livestock feed and biodiesel. In this article, the biological characteristics, resource utilization of protein and grease, and environmental functions of the H. illucens are summarized. This article provides a theoretical basis for investigating potential applications of the H. illucens.

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“…Further supporting the hypothesis of different controls along the dune succession for bacteria and fungi, their richness and biomass showed distinct patterns. The proportion of fungi in the PLFA data, assumed to represent the living biomass (Zhang et al , ), increased already in the moss stage. Bacterial richness peaked in the heath and fungal richness in the bare sand, and neither correlated with ecosystem productivity or community maturity defined as soil OM or plant richness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptogams signify key transitions of bacteria and fungi in Arctic sand dune succession

et al. 2020

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Primary succession models focus on aboveground vascular plants. However, the prevalence of mosses and lichens, that is cryptogams, suggests they play a role in soil successions. Here, we explore whether effects of cryptogams on belowground microbes can facilitate progressive shifts in sand dune succession.We linked aboveground vegetation, belowground bacterial and fungal communities, and soil chemical properties in six successional stages in Arctic inland sand dunes: bare sand, grass, moss, lichen, ericoid heath and mountain birch forest.Compared with the bare sand and grass stages, microbial biomass and the proportion of fungi increased in the moss stage, and later stage microbial groups appeared despite the absence of their host plants. Microbial communities of the lichen stage resembled the communities in the vascular plant stages. Bacterial communities correlated better with soil chemical variables than with vegetation and vice versa for fungal communities. The correlation of fungi with vegetation increased with vascular vegetation.Distinct bacterial and fungal patterns of biomass, richness and plant-microbe interactions showed that the aboveground vegetation change structured the bacterial and fungal community differently. The asynchrony of aboveground vs belowground changes suggests that cryptogams can drive succession towards vascular plant dominance through microbially mediated facilitation in eroded Arctic soil.

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High turnover rate of free phospholipids in soil confirms the classic hypothesis of PLFA methodology

Cited by 92 publications

References 37 publications

Effects of Composting Different Types of Organic Fertilizer on the Microbial Community Structure and Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Effects of Composting Different Types of Organic Fertilizer on the Microbial Community Structure and Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Comprehensive Resource Utilization of Waste Using the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens (L.)) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)

Cryptogams signify key transitions of bacteria and fungi in Arctic sand dune succession

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